1 Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет промышленных технологий и дизайна, г. Санкт-Петербург 2 Омский государственный технический университет, г. Омск К ВОПРОСУ О ПРОЕКТЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА ЭКСПЕДИЦИИ ЗАГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ БУМАГ С ТОВАРИЩЕСТВОМ СКОРОПЕЧАТНИ А. А. ЛЕВЕНСОНА В ГОДЫ ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ Исследование посвящено проблемам бумажноденежного производства Экспедиции заготовления государственных бумаг в период Первой мировой войны. Цель статьи -представить сведения о возникшем в обстоятельствах военного времени проекте сотрудничества ЭЗГБ с Товариществом Скоропечатни А. А. Левенсона. Основой для подготовки работы послужили неопубликованные документы из фондов Центрального государственного исторического архива Санкт-Петербурга. Исследуемый аспект дополняет существующее представление о ситуации в российском бумажноденежном производстве в период Первой мировой войны; путях, предлагавшихся для облегчения эмиссионного кризиса и роли в этом процессе видного печатника С. С. Ермолаева. Авторы приходят к выводу о том, что идея создания в России дублирующих предприятий бумажноденежного производства (реализованная уже при создании советского Гознака) возникла еще в 1915 г. Ключевые слова: Первая мировая война, денежное обращение, Экспедиция заготовления государственных бумаг, Гознак, бумажные денежные знаки, печатное дело.
In the current quarter of a century, Russian scientists in their writings increasingly began to turn to understanding the various socio-political consequences of the Civil War that took place in early Soviet society. The key figures in those socio-political processes of the 1920s. often became representatives of the officers, who were part of the intellectual elite of society due to the rather high educational qualification by the standards of the time. The demand for representatives of this category of society in the USSR, as in specialists, was sometimes extremely high. At the same time, already in the 1920s. ex-officers (regardless of their ideological views) have fully experienced numerous political harassment. A vivid example of this was the sphere of labor relations and the closely related issue of personnel purges. In this regard, this article, using the regional example of the district financial departments of Siberia, analyzes a very contradictory situation that took place in connection with the dismissals of ex-officers in the period from the autumn of 1928 to the summer of 1929. Based on familiarization with the developments of historiography, this aspect fell out of the field the point of view of historians. The study is based on a complex of unpublished sources from the funds of the State Archive of the Novosibirsk Region. The article is addressed to a wide range of specialists studying the early Soviet society, in particular, the practice of social adaptation (including the position of former officers), the organization of intellectual labor (on the example of financial authorities), Soviet repressive policies (including personnel purges), and also Siberian local history.
The work based on unpublished sources (church records), presents an analytical review of information about the representatives of the Batyushkins family — close direct ancestors of the subsequently wealthy and famous family in prerevolutionary Omsk. The purpose of the work is to identify the genealogical origins and connections of the Batyushkins family, which contributed to the entry of this family into the merchant class. The methodological basis of the study is a combination of the anthropological approach and the historical-genetic method. In conclusion, the special role of the merchant E. A. Terekhov in acquiring a new status for the Batyushkins family and in the general consolidation of the Omsk business families at the personal communicative level in the second half of the 19th century is emphasized.
ЭМИССИЯ ДЕНЕЖНЫХ СУРРОГАТОВ СОВЕТСКОЙ ВЛАСТЬЮ В КЯХТЕ ЛЕТОМ 1918 г.На основе выявленного автором и ранее не публиковавшегося комплекса документов (преимущественно из фондов Государ-ственного архива Российской Федерации) проведено подробное исследование одной из самых курьезных региональных эмис-сий денежных суррогатов периода Гражданской войны -выпуска бон, осуществленного советской властью летом 1918 г. в небольшом забайкальском городе Кяхта. Дана критика историографии вопроса, и благодаря привлечению новых источников решено имеющееся историографическое противоречие.
In 2000s there appeared in the Internet video materials on the Civil War in Russia made by military journalists of the Allied Intervention. Most noteworthy of these is a newsreel made by the American military mission in January–February 1919. Of particular interest is it part shot in Omsk. Although it is of great informative value, the researchers have overlooked this historical newsreel; its analysis and scientific attribution have not been made. The authors have rectified this by conducting a study involving various historical sources, scientific literature and memoirs. The study has resulted in the description of buildings and places on the film in accordance with its video sequence. It also provides a detailed explanation on agencies housed in the buildings in 1919, when Admiral A. V. Kolchak’s government was in power, and on their current holders. Attribution of the American newsreel, which captured Omsk in 1919, allows to reconstruct daily life of this provincial city and once-upon-a-time capital of anti-Bolshevik Russia. The analysis highlights subjects that were of most interest to the American allies. The reel shows different sides of everyday life in White Omsk, of the Supreme ruler and of the refugees. At the same time, it provides some specific, yet important to historians, details of Omsk urbanism of a hundred years ago. Visual sources are rarely used by researchers of the Civil War. Thus, the publication is of immediate interest to military historians studying the Civil War and Allied Intervention, as well as experts in the history of Siberia, source studies, and history of everyday life.
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