The article presents an overview of the means for modeling the transactional structure of the software for control and information processing systems. Literature sources are considered, reflecting the current trend related to the fact that at present transactional processing of information is becoming one of the most important aspects that determine the correctness of calculations and data integrity. It is noted that the transactional computing model implemented in the software determines whether this software will be in an integral state and maintain the required level of reliability of control and information processing systems. At the same time, it should be taken into account that the transactional structure has a certain scope, which is also reflected in this review.
The article provides an overview of approaches to the analysis of the transactional structure of software in systems for monitoring fault-tolerant objects. These objects, as a rule, are distributed and operate in real time. It is shown that computer systems for monitoring and controlling objects operating in real time play a very important role in ensuring their safety, so there is always a need for high-quality software. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of the analysis of the transactional reliability of software systems for information processing and monitoring by automating the simulation of the life cycle of the transactional structure of the software. Modeling the life cycle of a software transactional structure is primarily associated with the formalization of its processes and stages, as well as with the use of a methodology that allows describing the semantics of the processes and stages of the formation, implementation and maintenance of software. For visual modeling of the life cycle of the transactional structure of the software, the IDEF0 methodology is used, which allows you to build a functional model of the life cycle and describe the rules of this model, that is, the logical relationships between works.
The article discusses the features of the operation of environmental monitoring systems. A number of factors are determined that affect the organization of hardware and software support for such systems. The main factors are: the operation of the equipment in real time, various environmental influences, the specifics of the composition of sensors and connections, as well as a complex technology for servicing the equipment in an aggressive technological environment. The listed factors affect the structure, software, hardware components and design of environmental monitoring systems. When creating any complex systems, the distribution of work in time leads to the allocation of various design stages, and the ideas about the system being designed, reflecting its essential properties with varying degrees of detail, determine the constituent parts of the design process. The specificity of the stages for monitoring systems of thermal power plants is shown, determined both by the general features of these systems and by the peculiarities of their application in the technological processes of thermal power plants, among which the main ones are: the heterogeneity of the input units and devices, as well as technological objects of power plants; work in real time; programmable logic of smart sensors and multifunctional purpose of system components; the possibility of failures leading to a change in the functioning algorithm using the multiversion methodology; the presence of interrelated requirements for the accuracy and speed of information transfer. The work shows the content of work on the stages of designing monitoring systems, taking into account the specifics of their development. This specificity is most significantly manifested in the development of a technical proposal and a draft design. In a step-by-step design, after the end of each stage, an assessment of the main results obtained is carried out by comparing them with those required according to the terms of reference. The article presents an expert analysis that allows you to determine the acceptable implementation of a real-time operating system for hardware and software support for environmental monitoring technologies. Phar Lap ETS, VxWorks and NI Linux Real-Time operating systems are considered.
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