A series of ZnO1−xSx films with 0⩽x⩽1.0 was deposited by radio-frequency reactive sputtering on different substrates. The structural characterization by x-ray diffraction measurements revealed that the films have wurtzite symmetry and correlated investigations of the layer composition by photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the lattice constant varies linearly with x. The composition dependence of the band gap energy in the ternary system was determined by optical transmission and the optical bowing parameter was found to be about 3eV.
The alignment parameter A20 and the orientation parameter O10 for the 4p4(1D)5p2F7/2 and the 4p4(1D)5p2D5/2 states of Kr+ populated in resonant Auger transitions from 3d95p/6p photo-excited states of Kr were measured at BESSY II for photon energies between 91 eV and 92.8 eV. The method of fluorescence polarimetry was applied. A bandwidth of the exciting photons of 10 meV allowed to study A20 and O10 within the natural line width. Interference effects for resonances overlapping due to lifetime broadening were predicted and observed even when separated by 15 times the natural line width. The relative contribution of the three allowed electron partial waves was derived from A20 and O10 as a function of the exciting-photon energy and compared with the calculated contributions. The resulting good overall agreement between experiment and prediction is considered as a noticeable improvement of the understanding of excitation and decay of the prominent Kr 3d95p resonances.
We report on the optical and structural properties of a series of ZnO 1-x S x films deposited by radiofrequency sputtering on float glass and sapphire substrates. In the range 0 < x < 0.4 we find that the films have wurtzite symmetry and the lattice constant varies linearly on the composition as confirmed by photoelectron spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering. Raman measurements show that the spectral position of the A 1 (LO) mode is sensitive to the sulfur content in the films. The composition dependence of the band gap was evaluated by analyzing the absorption coefficient as a function of the square root of the photon energy (direct transition). The energy gap shifted by more than 500 meV to lower energies indicating a bowing of appr. 2.5 eV in contrast to previous predictions.
An experiment is reported in which the second order Doppler-shift has been determined by the observation of the He-line emitted by linearly moving hydrogen atoms of velocities 2.53 x 108 cm/s-9.28 x 108 cm/s. In contrast to previous experiments the direct transversal observation has been used for the first time. The coefficient of the second order term in the relativistic approximation is found to be 0.52 _+0.03 which compares good with the theoretical value of 1/2.
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