Composite concrete Filled Tubular Steel (CFT) members, which have excellent deformability due to the well-known confined and constrained interaction between steel tube and concrete, have largely been utilized as bridge piers or columns in high-rise buildings, resulting in increased strength and decreased column size. This study examined the experimental performance of steel tube columns filled with reactive powder concrete (RPC) under axial compression. Three sets of columns were used in the experiment, each with variations in shape (square, rectangular, and circular), length-to-diameter ratio, and compressive strength of the RPC. The first set consisted of five columns, while the second and third sets each had seven columns with three different lengths (750 mm, 600 mm, and 450 mm) and two different compressive strengths (54 and 92 MPa). A new numerical model was developed to calculate the ultimate failure load of the columns by considering factors such as the yield strength of steel, the compressive strength of concrete, the column shape, and the ratio of concrete to steel. This model was validated by comparing the results obtained from the experiments to those predicted by the model, as well as by designing equations from various codes. The results showed that the proposed numerical model accurately predicted the ultimate failure load for columns filled with different types of concrete, especially for RPC, while maintaining conservatism compared to the ACI, AISC, and EN codes equations. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-04 Full Text: PDF
Plastic have become a major problem in solid waste management due to its inability to degrade when they are disposed at landfill site. Approximately 0.80 kg/capita to 1.9 kg/capita of municipal solid waste is generated daily in Malaysia, which is expected to increase annually. Cracking of rigid pavement is the phenomenon where the pavement fails under repetitive loading by a load smaller than the load that can cause failure in single application. Other than that, decrements of the flexural strength due to the lower tensile strength can cause the joint spalling. The larger the load, the smaller will be the number of repetition to cause cracks. In this study paper presents the effect of Polyethene terephthalate (PET) road barrier waste as alternative addition in concrete grade C40 for rigid pavement. The material was obtained from Jabatan Kerja Raya(JKR) Seberang Perai Tengah and it need through cutting process to become fiber with range size about 12mm15mm length and 3mm-5mm width before to be addition into concrete. Four types of concrete mixes with different percentages of PET road barrier fibers which are 0%, 1%, 2% and 3%. Each specimen consist of six cube samples and one beam. The six cubes represent sample at 3 days, 7 days and 28 days. The beam sized 150mm x 150mm x 750mm was only tested on 28 days of curing. The result obtained on the compressive test, 2% of additive PET road barrier in concrete shows the highest result compare to the 0% and 1% additive. Compression test result shows 2% of PET road barrier waste fibers as the optimum percentage of PET road barrier additive with the maximum load of 42.13 MPa.
The modern architectural designs and building techniques in the constriction field need new materials. Those materials have high compressive strength, such as an Ultra-High-Performance Concrete, which abbreviates by UHPC. The UHPC is suitable to use for high-rise buildings and long-span bridges. Therefore, this study investigated the ability to produce UHPCs depends on available materials and the optimum proportion of these materials. Also, the increment of the steel fiber is needed to study its effects on the mechanical properties of the UHPC. Therefore, four Fraction Volume of steel fiber content has been adopted, which were 0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5%. The results showed the ability to produce UHPC with a compressive strength reaches to 150 MPa, by using affordable materials. However, the increase of the steel fiber content would be improved the compressive strength of about 40% for the steel fiber content of 4.5% as well as the rupture stress increased to 160% for the same fraction. The results revealed that the reduction of the compressive strength reaches to 0.69 when used small molds.
Development and testing of other foam concrete materials, as well as the inclusion of a marine-based filler, cuttlefish bone powder, may be one of the most advanced products suitable for cementitious materials to be added in concrete to provide a sustainable environmentally friendly alternative solution on construction industry in Malaysia. Cuttlefish bone will have some advantages and benefits in foam concrete since it contains high amounts of calcium carbonate, which is believed can improve the concrete’s strength and encourage foam concrete to achieve an early strength. The objectives of this research is to determine the optimum percentage of cuttlefish bone additive towards increasing the strength properties of foam concrete. In this research, there were 42 foam concrete cube samples prepared, each group of samples containing different amounts of cuttlefish bone additive (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%). All the samples were tested for compressive strength at 1, 3, and 7 days of age. According to the findings, an improvement in the foam concrete when the cuttlefish bone additive content from 1% to 4% added which result in the enhancement of the behavior of foam concrete. In addition, this research reveals that cuttlefish bone additive has better characteristics to normal OPC, making it an effective addition to concrete.
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