Juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) were more abundant in inshore areas with abundant fleshy macroalgae (Desmarestia spp.) than they were in green sea urchin dominated areas with only crustose coralline algae. Small juvenile cod (<125 mm) fed mainly on small zooplankton, while larger juveniles fed mainly on benthic organisms. The contribution of epiphytic animals obtained from the macroalgae was low. We suggest that the juvenile cod were associated with the algae mainly for cover, and to a lesser degree for food obtained from the algae.
Available data on some aspects of the biology of 10 species of Gammarus are summarized and compared. It is concluded that the main adaptation allowing these species to occupy their extensive geographic range from the North Pole to the Gulf of Mexico is variation in body size. The large size of northern species (G. wilkitzkii and G. setosus) results in the production of a single, large, well-timed brood, which is released within the short period of optimum conditions. The medium-sized species (G. oceanicus, G. duebeni, G. finmarchicus, and G. obtusatus) produce several medium-sized broods spread through the longer optimum season. The small species (G. lawrencianus, G. tigrinus, G. stoerensis, and G. mucronatus) can produce a large number of small broods per female and also mature second generations in the much longer and warmer optimum season characteristic of the southern environment.
1985. Reproduction and egg guarding by Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus: Anarhichidae) and ocean pout (Macrozoarces americanus: Zoarcidae) in Newfoundland waters. Can. J. Zool. 63: 2565 -2568. The reproductive season, the sex that provides parental care, and the relationship of feeding with reproduction are reported for Atlantic wolffish and ocean pout in eastern Newfoundland. Both species move into shallow water in the spring, pair during the summer, and spawn in holes under and between boulders during the autumn. Apparently, male Altantic wolffish provide solitary parental care of the eggs, while in ocean pout females provide this function. Feeding is reduced for females and probably males of both species as the gonads approach maximum size. After pair formation, male ocean pout reduce feeding; male Atlantic wolffish do so to a lesser degree. Male Atlantic wolffish and female ocean pout feed little or not at all while guarding egg masses. KEATS, D. W., G. R. SOUTH et D. H. STEELE. 1985. Reproduction and egg guarding by Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus:Anarhichidae) and ocean pout (Macrozoarces americanus: Zoarcidae) in Newfoundland waters. Can. J. Zool. 63: 2565 -2568. On trouvera ici des donnees sur la saison de reproduction, sur le sexe qui fournit les soins parentaux et sur la relation entre I'alimentation et la reproduction chez le loup atlantique et chez la loquette d'Amerique dans l'est de Terre-Neuve. Les deux eseces gagnent les eaux peu profondes au printemps, s'accouplent au cours de I'ete et pondent leurs oeufs dans des trous sous les rochers ou entre les rochers a I'automne. I1 semble que, chez le loup atlantique, ce soient les miles qui donnent les soins aux oeufs, alors que, chez la loquette, ce sont les femelles. La consommation de nourriture diminue chez les femelles et probablement aussi chez les miles des deux especes au moment ou les gonades sont pres d'atteindre leur taille maximale. Apres la formation du couple, le mile de la loquette s'alimente moins; le meme phenomene se produit aussi chez les miles du loup atlantique, mais a un degre moindre. Le mile du loup atlantique et la femelle de la loquette d'Amerique se nourrissent tres peu ou ne mangent pas du tout durant la griode oh ils gardent les masses d'oeufs.[Traduit par le journal]
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