Several significant steps have been taken to respond to the need for better network management for the evolving U.S. telecommunications network. The current approach provides an economical balance between automatic and manual network management capabilities. With the rapid introduction of Stored Program Controlled (SPC) switching systems and the Common Channel In. teroffice Signaling (CCIS) system, more emphasis is being placed on continued improvement in' automatic controls. Advances in manual network management controls and real-time surveillance capabilities have been accomplished primarily through the introduction of computer-based systems which support the operation of centralized Network Management Centers (NMC's). Also, new controls are introduced for forthcoming SPC-CCIS network services.The evolution, status, and future needs for network management of the coterminous U.S. telecommunications network are presented. An extensive bibliography is given.
The No. 4 Electronic Switching System has been planned to provide operational ease in the efficient management of traffic‐sensitive equipment for the purpose of maintaining a high quality of service. The network management function has the goal of optimizing the completion of calls during periods of traffic stress. In No. 4 ess, innovative real‐time control and surveillance features are provided to meet this goal. Traffic administration involves the activities of personnel in managing the traffic‐sensitive equipment in an efficient, timely, and economical fashion. These activities depend upon the collection of data which reflects the operating characteristics of the No. 4 ess, and the reporting of information in a form tailored to the user functions.
This paper describes steps that have been taken to respond to the need for better network management in the evolving telecommunications network. In near‐real time, network management functions recognize the onset of an overload and respond with control actions that change normal call routing through expansive or restrictive traffic controls. Emphasis is being placed on improved automatic controls that are built into the network and its switching systems. Advances in manual controls and real‐time network performance monitoring have been accomplished through the introduction of computer‐based systems that provide network managers with preprocessed network performance data and with the ability to intervene in problems that require human judgment.
Traffic delay, caused by temporary all‐lines‐busy conditions, is analyzed for three mathematical switching models. They are classified as “address camp‐on,” “retrial,” and “message storage” models. The models are designed to permit a study of basic traffic theoretical problems encountered in the rapidly growing field of data communications, but they are not identical with any of the existing data switching systems. Each model assumes that a message is switched only through one switching center which must establish connections via line groups to one or more addressed receiving stations, i.e., each model contains only a single switching center. Numerical results for the average delay on all messages are obtained on the IBM 7090 computer.
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