Mitigation of spudcan punch-through is one of the principal aspects for inclusion in the ISO standard 19905-1. This paper investigates the potential for using skirted foundations as an alternative to spudcans in an attempt to mitigate punch-through failure of jack-up rigs during installation and preloading in sand-over-clay deposits. A series of centrifuge model tests is undertaken on a spudcan and two skirted foundations, varying the length of the skirt relative to the foundation diameter. The thickness of the sand layer is also varied to cover a range of practical interest. The results from this study confirm that the use of skirted foundations as an alternative to spudcans can eliminate the potential of punch-through failure on sand-over-clay deposits. The degree of post-peak bearing reduction, one of the key measures of the severity of punch-through failure, is shown to be linked directly to the effective sand layer thickness beneath the foundations. Skirted foundations assist in mitigating the severity of punch-through failure by reducing the effective sand layer thickness.
This paper presents a comparison of extraction resistance between spudcan and skirted foundations in sand-over-clay deposits. A series of centrifuge model tests was undertaken on a spudcan and two skirted foundations, varying the length of the skirt relative to the foundation diameter. The thickness of the sand layer was also varied to cover a range of practical interest. It was found that the ultimate breakout forces of the spudcan and 'sealed' skirted foundations in the sand-over-clay deposits are lower than that of a spudcan in single layer clay deposit. On the sand-over-clay deposits, when the skirted foundations are sealed, the breakout forces are 60~61% higher than that of the spudcan. However, when the skirted foundations are vented, this difference becomes minimal, regardless of the skirt length and the effective sand layer thickness beneath the foundation, with the height of the sand plug left in the clay layer being similar to the thickness of the sand layer.
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