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Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was carried out on 15 primary testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) o f adolescents and adults and two metastatic residual tumors after chemotherapeu tic treatment. The results were compared with karyotypic data obtained form the same tum or specimens after direct harvesting o f metaphases or short-term in vitro culture. .Both techniques revealed that the m ost consistent abnormality in prim ary TGCT is gain o f 12p-sequences. Although In m o st cases over representation o f the complete short arm was observed, CGH revealed a specific amplification of 1 2 p ll.l-p l2 ,l region in two independent primary tumors. In additiont loss of (parts of) chromosome 13 (always involving q31-qter), and gain o f (parts of) chromosome 7 (mostly involving q ll), (parts of) chro mosome 8, and the X chromosome were detected in more than 25% o f the tumors by this latter tech nique. Loss of 6ql5-q21 in both residual tumors analyzed m a y suggest a role for this anomaly in acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic treatm ent Overall, the CGH analyses confirmed gains and losses o f certain chromosomal regions in TGCT as

SUMMARY: A PI phage clone containing the near complete protein coding region of the human histo-blood group ABO gene locus was isolated and characterized. The insert was estimated at « 41 kp, and an « 20 kbp BamHI fragment contained the near complete coding region as evaluated by Southern blot analysis. Intron/exon boundaries were determined and the coding region was found to span at least seven exons. In situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes confirmed the predicted localization to 9q34. © 1995 Academic Press, Inc*The histo-blood group ABO system is one of the major allogeneic antigen systems in man. The chemistry, biosynthesis, and molecular genetics have been established (1-3). Recent work involving isolation of the blood group A glycosyltransferase and cDNA cloning of ABO alleles has confirmed that the A and B glycosyltransferases are alleles encoded by the ABO locus (4,5). The polymorphism involved in the ABO blood group system including that of rare subgroups has been found to represent minute structural changes in the coding region of the ABO alleles (for a recent review see (6 )).Here we present the genomic structure of the coding region of the ABO locus and confirm by in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes the localization to 9q34. MATERIAL AND METHODSIso la tio n a n d ch aracterization o f a g en o m ic P I p h a g e clon e:

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