ForewordThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is charged by Congress with protecting the Nation's land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of national environmental laws, the Agency strives to formulate and implement actions leading to a compatible balance between human activities and the ability of natural systems to support and nurture life. To meet this mandate, EPA's research program is providing data and technical support for solving environmental problems today and building a science knowledge base necessary to manage our ecological resources wisely, understand how pollutants affect our health, and prevent or reduce environmental risks in the future.The National Risk Management Research Laboratory is the Agency's center for investigation of technological and management approaches for preventing and reducing risks from pollution that threatens human health and the environment. The focus of the Laboratory's research program is on methods and their cost effectiveness for prevention and control of pollution to air, land, water, and subsurface resources; protection of water quality in public water systems; remediation of contaminated sites, sediments, and groundwater; prevention and control of indoor air pollution; and restoration of ecosystems. The NRMRL collaborates with both public and private-sector partners to foster technologies that reduce the cost of compliance and to anticipate emerging problems. NRMRL's research provides solutions to environmental problems by developing and promoting technologies that protect and improve the environment; advancing scientific and engineering information to support regulatory and policy decisions; and providing the technical support and information transfer to ensure implementation of environmental regulations and strategies at the national, state, and community levels.This publication has been produced as part of the Laboratory's strategic long-term research plan. It is published and made available by EPA's Office of Research and Development to assist the user community and to link researchers with their clients. Sally Gutierrez, Director National Risk Management Research Laboratory iii AbstractThis report addresses the potential for using "Limbo Lands" as sites for renewable energy generating stations. Limbo Lands are considered as underused, formerly contaminated sites, and include former Superfund sites, landfills, brownfields, abandoned mine lands, former industrial sites, and certain government installations.The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted this study for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Sustainable Technology Division (NRMRL-STD). The objective of this report, which provides a geographic screening of potential sites, is to address Limbo Lands that are ready for redevelopment and their feasibility with renewable energy technologies (RETs).The report discusses reasons for considering RETs (and which ones) as a redevelopment option on Limbo Lands, describes the geographic...
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