By means of the ͑p , t͒ reaction we study the excitation spectra of 0 + states in the deformed nuclei 228 Th, 230 Th, and 232 U, using the Q3D magnetic spectrograph facility at the Munich tandem accelerator. At small reaction angles the 0 + transfer angular distributions have steeply rising cross sections which allow us to identify these states in otherwise very complicated and dense spectra. For each of these nuclei we resolve typically about ten excited states with safe 0 + assignments. The studied excitation energies range up to 2.5, 2.7, and 2.3 MeV, respectively, and the summed transfer strengths add to more than 60% of the ground state strength. As in a recent study of 158 Gd we compare with interacting boson approximation (IBA) calculations in the spdf boson space. This highly schematic collective model description, including octupole collectivity, but neglecting other relevant degrees of freedom, gives numbers of excited 0 + states in these actinide nuclei that are rather close to the observed ones.
The effects of the neutron-proton interaction on the low-lying levels of Mo and Cd isotopes have been considered in the frame of the IBA-1 model by taking into account an effective boson number (Neff). Both an empirical procedure based on previous IBA-2 mixing calculations and the Np AT, scheme provide comparable Neff values. Level spectra and electromagnetic transitions are investigated. The results support the idea that IBA-1 calculations with a suitable Neff can largely simulate IBA-2 mixing calculations, taking advantage of simplicity and a smaller number of parameters.
PACS: 21.60.Ev
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