Agricultural problem on acid sulphate soil is related to high concentration of iron and aluminum which can be toxic to crops. The research objective was to determine soil leaching intensity or frequency effect on decreasing iron and aluminum concentration. Results from this research information can be used to develop field strategy in order to determine time and period for land leaching. Moreover, crop adaptation toward leached soil was conducted on corn crop. Experiment was conducted in laboratory of soil physics department of soil science. Duration of leaching was set up in the 5, 10, 15 days. The pH of iron and aluminum was analyzed before treatment. Iron content was at 11.58 ppm and pH was at 3.29. The result showed that the leaching option had highly significant effect on the increasing pH and reducing iron content. The pH was increase at 3.85, 4.07, 4, 26 and 4.34 respectively for 5, 10 and 15 days of leaching. It was also followed by reducing iron content of 9.29, 7.08 and 5.06 respectively for 5, 10 and 15 days of leaching. Within 15 day (two weeks duration) it was sufficient time to facilitate leaching process in the field. Climatic data showed that the rainfall was available during land preparation stage (November for first crop and March for second crop). On the other hand, the drainage facility should be developed in tertiary block to leach out the toxic element in the roots zone. This process should be done in the beginning of rainy season. Adaptation toward corn crop showed that 5 times leaching treatment was sufficient to provide good environment for crop’s growth.
Utilization of intensive paddy soils for rice cultivation are main causing deficiency of soil silica (Si) due to high concentration Si adsorption in soils with values varies between 230 up to 470 kg ha-1. The soil silica availability on agriculture lands in Indonesia varies from 203 to 982 mg kg-1, and the paddy soils in Java and Sumatra have shown a decreasing the silica between 11% to 20% in the last three decades, resulting in declining paddy soils productivity. This study was aimed to investigate the availability of silica in the paddy soils distributed in Musi Rawas. The study was scheduled from May to November 2016 using survey methods, and soil analyzes performed in laboratory of SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor.The results showed that availability of silica in wetland has reduced by 50% in two decades, and meanwhile the availability of silica in irrigated soils about 7.5 times lower compared to rainfed soils. The silica availability of irrigated soils from wetland had 4.5 times higher than the irrigated soils of dryland. Furthermore, silica contained in rice husk had also decreased down to 74.5%, resulting in the decreasing of grain production due to a decrease in availability of silica in soil.
Sembilang National Park is one of the largest wetland conservation areas in Indonesia. As a conservation area with the main ecosystem in the form of approximately 91.679 hectares mangrove ecosystem in 2003. Sembilang National Park is managed based on a zoning system that is utilized for research, science, education, supporting cultivation and tourism. At present, the zoning of Sembilang National Park consists of core zones, jungle zones, utilization zones, traditional zones, rehabilitation zones and special zones. The predetermined zones need to be evaluated because the damage to the national park is continuing, so that the primary mangrove forest area in Sembilang National Park has shrunk from 83.447 hectares in 2009 to be 70.263 hectares in 2017. The Purpose of this study is to determine the zoning of Sembilang National Park by using the analytical Hierarchy process (AHP) method. The results showed that the main criteria in determining national park zones based on ecological aspects were the presence of peat domes, typical of soil and land cover conditions. While the right social indicators are access to conservation areas and the existence of settlements.
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