Extended spectrum β lactamases (ESBLs) continue to be a major problem in clinical setups world over, conferring resistance to the expanded spectrum cephalosporins. An attempt was made to study ESBL production among Enterobacteriaceae members from a tertiary care center in Chennai. A total of seventy randomly collected isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae from a tertiary care center was studied for their susceptibility patterns to various antibiotics and detection of ESBL producers by double disc synergy (DDS) test and three dimensional test (TDT). Eighty percent of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) and 20% were ESBL producers. TDT detected 85.7% whereas only 14.2% were detected by DDS. In the present study, a large number of isolates were found to be MDR and ESBL producers. TDTs were found to be better than DDS in the detection of ESBLs. Continued monitoring of drug resistance is necessary in clinical settings for proper disease management.

The present research was aimed to formulate aceclofenac transemulgel using Aloe vera as gel base. The prepared formulations were subjected to physical characterization, in-vitro and in-vivo assessment. Aceclofenac, a hydrophobic potential non steroidal anti inflammatory drug, causes ulceration upon chronic oral administration, could be formulated into transemulgel to enhance therapeutic efficacy and to lower the unwanted side effects. The transemulgel was prepared from aqueous Aloe vera gel and aceclofenac emulsion. The prepared transemulgel was evaluated for its pH, viscosity, drug content, skin irritation, in-vitro diffusion and accelerated stability studies. The prepared aceclofenac-Aloe vera tranemulgel and commercial aceclofenac gel were subjected to pharmacodynamic studies in albino rats of Wistar strain employing carrageenan induced left hind paw edema method to assess the anti-inflammatory effect. The transemulgel showed a pH of 6.78 and viscosity of 18 cps. In-vitro diffusion data revealed better permeation characteristics. Topical application of formulation found no skin irritation. Stability study has proved the integrity of the formulation. The prepared aceclofenac Aloe vera transemulgel showed better in-vitro drug release when compared with the commercial aceclofenac gel formulation. Anti-inflammatory activity in treated rats showed the significant paw volume reduction at p<0.05 compared with that of control. Thus, it is concluded that aceclofenac, a potential non steroidal anti inflammatory drug, showed high therapeutic efficiency when formulated into transemulgel using aqueous Aloe vera as gel base.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an adaptable bacteria causing an extensive spectrum of infections and intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics. As antimicrobial resistance has increased due to many resistance mechanisms. This study was done to evaluate the antibiogram of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a tertiary care centre. Thirty seven isolates were recovered from various specimens for a period of 6 months from June to December 2020 and the disc diffusion method was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing as per CLSI guidelines. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be high (45.9%) in pus/wound than other samples. Antibiotic resistance rate of the isolates were 29.7% to ceftazidime, 16.2% to Piperacillin-tazobactam, 27 % to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, 16.2% to tobramycin and imipenem, 24.3% to meropenem, 27% to ciprofloxacin, 13.5% to aztreonam, 21.6% to amikacin, 24.3% to cefepime and levofloxacin, 21.6 to tigecycline. All strains were sensitive to colistin. 27% of the organism were found to be multidrug resistance. Hence periodic susceptibility testing can curb the resurgence of these bacterial pathogens.

No abstract