This prospective multicenter series confirmed a marked increase in sensitivity without significant loss in specificity when including ImmunoCyt in standard urinary cytology protocol. This increased sensitivity was observed in high grade lesions (with 100% sensitivity for carcinoma in situ) as well in low grade, low stage tumors.
Augmentation cystoplasty is a safe and effective method of restoring lower urinary tract function in the pediatric renal transplant population with a small noncompliant bladder.
Renal transplantation in children with posterior urethral valves is not associated with a high rate of failure. However, long-term deterioration of graft function is likely related to lower urinary tract dysfunction.
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