ANGLE software for semiconductor detector efficiency calculations - long existing and widely accepted tool in quantitative gamma spectrometry - has been recently extended to scintillation NaI detectors. The extension features in the latest edition (ANGLE 4) and it is briefly outlined. Discretization of reference efficiency curve, meaning possibility of using ANGLE 4 for particular gamma energies without constructing the complete reference efficiency curve, is particularly emphasized. This yields both in enhanced practicality and higher accuracy, while reducing the potential for systematic errors. The present work is primarily focussed on experimental verification of ANGLE 4 for NaI detectors. Two detectors (2 ? 2 and 3 x 3 inches) were employed in the experiment. Commercially calibrated gamma sources (in the forms of quasi point and cylinder) and homemade solutions (diluted from calibrated ones) were measured at various distances from the detector(s), ranging 0 cm to 50 cm. Energy range observed was 59 keV to 1408 keV. Versatility of counting conditions, in terms of detectors and sources used, gamma energies observed, source detector separations, etc., was aimed at creating as large experimental evidence as possible for verification purposes. Experimentally obtained efficiencies are compared with those calculated by ANGLE 4. Very good agreement is obtained - well within the experimental uncertainties - thus proving the reliability of the software.
Ef fi ciency cal i bra tion, i. e. de ter mi na tion of de tec tion ef fi ciency, e p , is a cru cial is sue in gamma spec trom e try (quan ti fi ca tion of gamma spec tro scopic mea sure ments) with semi con duc tor and scin til la tion de tec tors. Com par ing three pos si ble ways to ad dress ing the prob lem-rel ative, ab so lute and semi em pir i cal-ad van tages of the lat ter are em pha sized. Among semi empir i cal mod els, ef fi ciency trans fer us ing ef fec tive solid an gles, W, is sorted out and briefly elabo rated. This ap proach re duces the prob lem of ef fi ciency cal i bra tion to the de ter mi na tion of W. It proved re li able and has been broadly used in prac tice, mainly in the form of the long exist ing AN GLE soft ware. Pro gress ing fur ther, a gen er al ized math e mat i cal for mula for cal cula tions is de vel oped-first of the kind-of fer ing an op por tu nity for ad vanced ap pli ca tions of gamma spec trom e try. The for mula en ables un lim ited flex i bil ity in ap pli ca tion, as it con veniently sep a rates the source data from the de tec tor data dur ing the in te gra tion pro ce dures (W cal cu la tions). Its prac ti cal ity is dem on strated for a num ber of typ i cally en coun tered count ing ar range ments, as well as for some ex otic ones. The rel e vant for mu lae are used in PC cal cu lations and nu mer i cal test ing is fur ther per formed so as to check the va lid ity of the math e mat ical method and the com puter code. Care was taken of the op ti mi za tion of com plex nu mer i cal pro ce dures em ployed (in volv ing five fold nu mer i cal in te gra tion), so as to keep com pu ta tion times as low as pos si ble (in or der of min utes or even sec onds on or di nary PC). Re sults obtained are af fir ma tive for both the method and the code. The model will be grad u ally in cor porated into AN GLE soft ware, thus mak ing it readily avail able for rou tine use by gamma spectrom e try com mu nity.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.