During the present investigation, 450 fishes belonging to seven genera and seven species were examined for helminth parasites. Of these, 216 fishes (48%) were found to harbour Acanthocephala (14%), cestodes (16.22%), Digenea (10.66%), Monogenea (1.77%), or nematodes (6.22%). The species richness and intensity of infections are given. Results summarized from nine studies on the helminth parasites of fish from inland waters are presented. The incidence of infection is reported and compared in host/parasite lists.

he nematode Hysterothylaciwn winteri Torres and Soto, 2004 was 1 studied in detail using bright field and scanning electron microscopes. jt was recorded for the first time from the intestine of the marine fish ops boops collected from Alexandria fish market in Egypt. The morphometric data presented here are in agreement with those described by Torres and Soto (2004) for the same species. The most characteristic features revealed in this study are the papillae and amphids of the ventral lips, the ventral groove and associated bands, cuticular spine-like structures on the conical tip of the tail, one pair of postanal papillae, 2 ilae, 6 longitudinal ridges and one pair of phasmid in the lateral part of die tail. The present findings were discussed in comparison with the previously described features of//, winteri.

The parasitic diseases are one of the potential factors that restrict the development of fish aquaculture because fish parasites not only can cause injuries, but can even lead to death of the fish. The present study aimed to record/update the prevalence and intensity of parasitic helminths in the freshwater catfish "Clarias gariepinus " in Fyoum Governorate, Egypt. A total of 368 Clarias gariepinus samples were collected from Bahr Youssef (line of the River Nile) from Fayoum Governorate during the period from January 2019 to February 2020, and were examined for the presence of helminth parasites. Out of 368 examined fish, 227 (61.7%) were found to be infected with six species of helminthes (three trematodes, two cestodes, and one nematode): Dactylogyrus claridii, Acanthostomum spiniceps, Orientocreadium batrachoides, Polyonchobothrium clarias, Monobothrium sp., and Paracamallanus cythopharynx with infection rates = 13.0%, 2.2%, 5.4%, 9.2%, 13.3%, and 18.5%, respectively. Regarding to the seasonal variations, the obtained results showed that the highest rate of infection was recorded during the spring (76.9%), followed by the summer (70.0%) and the winter (53.5%), while the autumn represented the lowest rate of infection (52.3%). In addition, this study provides additional morphological characters for the parasite Paracamallanus cyathopharynx based on the scanning electron microscopy.

Two different localities were selected for the present investigation. Generally, out of 200 Mugil cephalus individuals examined, 63 (31.5%) were found to be infected. Out of 119 M. cephalus, 44 (36.9%) collected from Lake Qarun at Fayoum in Egypt were found infected. On the other hand, out of 81 M. cephalus, 19 (23.45%) collected from Missurata fish market in Libya were found infected. The collected parasites from Egyptian specimens were Trematoda, Acanthocephala, Trichodina and Myxosporea. The incidences of infection were 88.6%, 27.2%, 95.5% and 27.3%, respectively. Parasites of the Egyptian mullets includes: 4 species of trematoda (Haplosplanchnus caudatus, H. pachysomus, Lecithobotrys putrescens and Dicrogaster contractus); one species of Acanthocephala (Neoechinorhynchus sp.); three species of Trichodina (Trichodina lepsii, T. puytoraci and T. batala) and one species of Myxosporedia (Myxobolus sp.). It is worth mentioned that protozoan infections were restricted in Egyptian mullets. On the other hand, out of 81 M. cephalus, 19 (23.45%) collected from Missurata were found infected by two genera of trematodes (Vitellibaculum girelia and Lecithocladium exisum).

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