In middle school, counselors should promote optimal development as students navigate the formative stage of puberty. A search for identity is an important developmental task in early adolescence, but school counselors often neglect racial identity development. Through an actual case of an 8th-grade student, both individual and systemic strategies that can promote racial identity development are highlighted.
This commentary examines treatment practices involving treatment adherence and relapse prevention strategies for couples. Treatment adherence and relapse prevention involves the identification and maintenance of positive counseling outcomes during treatment and posttreatment. A comprehensive review of literature and professional experiences is used to illuminate best practices of working with couples to sustain treatment gains. It is concluded that effective relationships and explicit attention to change along the continuum of care are essential for couples to maintain successful treatment interventions. In addition, therapists incorporating follow-up procedures into their practice can increase the efficacy of their interventions by clearly addressing developmental problems that follow the end of the therapeutic relationship.
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