Introduction. This article is an analysis of the factors of the emergence and development of economic hermeneutics. The stereotypical ideas about the total ideological unification of political economy in the USSR during the period of Soviet Marxism dominance and the ideological neutrality of neoclassical synthesis, the mainstream of Western economic science, are being critically rethought. Theoretical analysis. It is shown that Soviet political economy is a very interesting complex special case of the economic knowledge development, which was subject to specific requirements from the state apparatus (power structures). The conditions for the genesis of economic hermeneutics in the West within the framework of the neo-Austrian school of economics as a possible reaction to the dogmatism of the neoclassical mainstream are briefly considered. The general reasons for the conservatism of the scientific environment are investigated. An assumption is made about the presence of a number of similar features between Marxism and the neoclassical theory. Results. It has been established that the dominance of Marxism in the USSR and the formal neoclassical synthesis in the USA made it possible to form an environment that subsequently led to a new scientific direction – economic hermeneutics. Moreover, the process of the emergence of a new scientific direction in the depths of this conservative economic paradigm was quite natural, since economic theory is hermeneutic in nature – it seeks to interpret the meaning of outwardly simple, but vital phenomena. The materials of the article can be used to teach the history of economic thought.
We carried out a theoretical analysis of various concepts used to describe and explain the development, progress and evolution of economic theory (economic science). The study found that the dynamics and transformations of economic theory were described using models of the development of scientific knowledge of three prominent philosophers and thinkers, namely: K.R. Popper, T. Kuhn and I. Lakatos. Nevertheless, the merits of each of these conceptual schemes are balanced by shortcomings, following mainly from the fact that K.R. Popper, T. Kuhn and I. Lakatos's concepts were developed to analyze the development of natural science knowledge. In this regard, an attempt was made to describe and explain the development of economic science through the use of an earlier approach - the law of the intellectual evolution of humanity by A. Comte. This approach reveals its advantages, expressed in the simplicity of presentation, openness to further research and interpretation of new results in the field of research on the development of economic thought. At the same time, it is worth noting the existence of shortcomings of the author's approach, consisting in the difficulty of establishing a chronological framework for the development of economic theory, the impossibility of using the A. Comte's law to describe the evolution of all economic schools, the fuzziness of the boundaries (periods) of the development of economic knowledge and a simplified understanding of the development of science itself as non-discontinuous progress - improvement.
Черемисинов Георгий Александрович, доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры экономической теории и национальной экономики, Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет имени Н. Г. Чернышевского, cheremisinov@ inbox.ru Фенин Кирилл Вячеславович, ассистент кафедры экономической теории и национальной экономики, Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет имени Н. Г. Чернышевского,
Introduction. This article is a justification of the possibility of using tales to popularize economics, economic history and the history of economic thought. Theoretical analysis. The historiographic review showed that many prominent English-speaking and Russian-speaking economists in their scientific articles and monographs textually or allegorically use the terms “parables”, “fables”, “stories”, “stories”, “myths”, “saga”, and the like. Therefore, the term “tales” will organically complement this semantic range. The study of the construction of theory and models within the framework of economic theory and economic history in the 20th century revealed that the essence of the methodology of scientific research data (instrumentalism) is very close to the practice of inventing half-truth instructive stories, from which the proper conclusions should be made. Results. Post-modernization of the modern academic environment pluralization, can be used in the process of creative self-expression of economists and progress in the field of economic sciences.
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