WORK AND OCCUPATIONS Spalter-Roth, Deitch / UNEQUAL COSTS OF DISPLACEMENT This article attempts to disentangle the effects of race and gender by examining what happens to Black, White, and Hispanic men and women as they reenter the job market after displacement from their previous jobs. The authors use data from the 1996 Displaced Worker Survey (a supplement to the February 1996 Current Population Survey) and focus on postdisplacement employment and earnings as the main dependent variables. Queuing theory is used to help understand the powerful ranking and sorting processes in a race-and gender-conscious job market. The authors find the distribution of displacement costs unequal. White men appear to head the postdisplacement queue. White women experience a gender disadvantage. Black men lose as a result of their race and do not benefit from gender in most cases. Black women generally experience the double burden of race and gender. Hispanic men do appear to generally benefit from gender, but Hispanic women lose.
Data from 275 questionnaires and 38 interviews with “faculty wives,” plus 50 questionnaires from “faculty husbands” are analyzed to study how moves for a husband's job or lack of geographic mobility for a wife's own employment may affect women's careers. Women with advanced degrees and greater career commitment are found to experience greater geographic constraint. It is suggested that, as women become more professionalized in training and aspirations, geographic mobility may become a more salient problem in dual-career marriages if one or both spouses are in fields where the market is tight or where geographic moves are necessary for advancement.
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