Obesity is widely recognized as a major global health problem caused by a chronic energy imbalance resulting from a combination of excess caloric intake and insufficient energy expenditure. Excessive energy intake and physical inactivity are traditional risk factors for obesity. Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, including hypertension, diabetes and tumours. Recent studies have found a strong link between ferroptosis and obesity. Ferroptosis is an iron‐dependent regulated cell death caused by iron overload and reactive oxygen species‐dependent excessive accumulation of lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is involved in many biological processes, such as amino acid metabolism, iron metabolism and lipid metabolism. Some potential strategies to reduce the adverse effects of ferroptosis on obesity are suggested and future research priorities are highlighted.

Lipid metabolism is a complex process that includes lipid uptake, transport, synthesis, and degradation. Trace elements are vital in maintaining normal lipid metabolism in the human body. This study explores the relationship between serum trace elements and lipid metabolism Methods: In this study, we reviewed articles on the relationship between alterations in somatic levels of zinc, iron, calcium, copper, chrome, manganese, selenium, and lipid metabolism. In this systematic review and mate-analysis, databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang was searched for articles on the relationship published between January 1, 1900, and July 12, 2022. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager5.3 (Cochrane Collaboration). Results: No significant association was found between serum zinc and dyslipidemia, while other serum trace elements (Iron, selenium, copper, chromium, and manganese) were associated with hyperlipidemia. Conclusion: The present study suggested that the human body's zinc, copper, and calcium content may be related to lipid metabolism. However, findings on lipid metabolism and Iron, Manganese have not been conclusive. In addition, the relationship between lipid metabolism disorders and selenium levels still needs to be further studied. Further research is needed on treating lipid metabolism diseases by changing trace elements.

Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death typically characterized by non‐apoptotic, iron‐dependent, and reactive accumulation of oxygen species. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pre‐eclampsia (PE). In order to find potential therapeutic targets for ferroptosis intervention and better prevent the occurrence and progression of PE, the signalling pathways that regulate ferroptosis need to be identified. In this article, we review the role of vitamin D in PE and the role of ferroptosis in PE. Based on recent literature, we propose the scientific hypothesis that vitamin D can alleviate preeclampsia by modulating the ferroptosis signalling pathway. The aim of this review is to understand the regulatory pathways of ferroptosis in PE and to identify potential therapeutic targets.

A number of studies found that serotonin plays a vital role in the development of depression and irritable bowel syndrome. Recent studies showed that vitamin D was associated with regulating the synthesis of serotonin. This review focuses on the recent progress in the relationship between vitamin D and serotonin synthesis.

Dear editor, We are pleased to read an article entitled "Prevalence of subhealth status and its effects on mental health and smartphone addiction: a cross-sectional study among Chinese medical students" by Zhang et al. 1 . The findings of this study suggest that anxiety, depression, and smartphone addiction among Chinese medical students are associated with subhealth status. This study is of great significance in the prevention and treatment of the physical and mental health of medical students. However, in our opinion, there are some questions that are still unanswered and worth discussing.The main problem with this study is that Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaires-25 can only be used to assess suboptimal health status but not to diagnose suboptimal health status. Suboptimal health was defined in this study by a total subhealth status score ≥35, which is obviously subjective. Clearly, such diagnostic criteria for suboptimal health are not widely accepted by scientists. In fact, there are clear diagnostic criteria for suboptimal health 2 . According to the definition of subhealth, subjects with mental subhealth, overweight, prehypertension, pre-diabetes, serum blood lipids (triglycerides or total cholesterol) above the borderline high level, renal subhealth, hepatic subhealth, or thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances ≥5.09 μmol/L (based on the reference range of 95%) were categorized as subhealthy 2 .Another problem is that this study is a non-probabilistic sample (web-based questionnaire). Thus, the sample is not representative. The limitations of the article include the non-probability sampling technique and sampling structure that is limited to a single university. In addition, there are many factors that affect subhealth. For example, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic can also have deleterious consequences on depression and anxiety of college students 3 .