This paper, based on findings in brain organization and cognitive neuroscience, proposed a more low-level and plausible architecture of human cognition, called CAUT, which can demonstrate the diagram and mechanism of human thinking.
Comparing with existing models, three changes are made: (1) a pathway called inner loop is added from motor controller to thalamus; (2) a memory controller is added in front of long-term declarative memory, which can judge whether the memory operation is retrieval or not; (3) two new modules, Active Object buffer (AO) and Active Action buffer, are separated out of the general working memory model. With CAUT architecture, a dynamic cognitive model is put out with which typical thinking processes can be interpreted and described more precisely. Problem solving are demonstrated with this model, and two typical problems, decision problem and search problem, are interpreted. Experiments with ACT-R indicate that CAUT is consistent with ACT-R in functional level, and the description can be easily transformed into ACT-R model, and CAUT architecture can be taken as a metadescription and design tool to construct cognitive model. Experiments with ACT-R also indicate the effectiveness of CAUT architecture.
In order to investigate the effect of the gas oxynitrocarburising on the properties of the medium carbon railway axle steel, the steel was gas oxynitrocarburised at five different temperatures for 2 h by applying a low temperature gas multielement penetrating system. The results show that the compound layer composed of c9-Fe 4 N and e-Fe 2-3 N and the oxide layer consisting of Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 2 O 3 are formed on the surface after treatment. The thickness of the compound layer increases with increasing temperature; however, the case depth decreases when the temperature is above the temper temperature of the origin material. The increase in treatment temperature resulted in an increase in the surface roughness. The properties of wear and corrosion resistance are improved, and the fatigue limit of the specimen treated at the optimum temperature, which is 570uC, improves largely compared to that of the untreated one and the one treated by microshot peening.
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