The study describes the construction and initial validation of a new assessment instrument named EAHU (from the Spanish Escala de Apreciación del Humor, Humor Appreciation Scale, in English). A dimensional proposal is presented, which incorporates funniness and aversiveness of the content and structure of humor. The dimensions are incongruity-resolution, nonsense, sexual, black, man disparagement and woman disparagement humor. The construction strategy for the EAHU is outlined. The development of the EAHU involved using Spanish samples comprising more that 1500 participants altogether. The metric characteristics of the items and the internal structure of the scale appeared to be highly stable across the samples. The psychometric characteristics of the EAHU scales appeared to be satisfactory. There were sex differences only in the content scales, and a relevant role of age was observed in the EAHU scales. An interaction effect was found for sex, age and different type of humor. We conclude that the EAHU is an adequate instrument to assess the content and structure of humor.
This research deals with assessing humor appreciation and highlights some of the strategies that can be used in two necessary stages in the construction of a test: the content validity study and the item analysis. First, we analyzed the content validity of a battery of 200 items developed to assess humor appreciation. Second, we analyzed the metric properties of the selected items by means of two studies. The first study was a pre-pilot analysis of the items in a sample of 212 participants, and the second study was a new item analysis in a sample of 344 Spanish people aged between 18 and 71 years. To determine content validity, we calculated interjudge agreement on item-facet theoretical match. Each item was assessed by seven judges, and the selection criterion used was a minimum agreement of 70%. This procedure led to eliminating 27 items. Subsequent item analyses led to a preliminary proposal for a 40-item scale (Escala de Apreciación del Humor, EAHU [Humor Appreciation Scale]) with appropriate descriptive statistics as well as discrimination and homogeneity values. The internal empirical structure of the scale matched the operative definition of humor appreciation, and the Cronbach's alpha of the EAHU scores ranged from .72 to .89.El presente estudio aborda la problemática de la valuación de la apreciación del humor, a la vez que se pormenorizan algunas de las estrategias que pueden usarse dentro de dos de las fases de necesaria ejecución dentro de todo proceso de construcción de un test: el estudio de la validez de contenido y en el análisis de ítems. En primer lugar, se analizó la validez de contenido de una batería de 200 ítems desarrollada para evaluar la apreciación del humor. En segundo, y a través de dos estudios independientes, se analizaron las propiedades métricas de los ítems seleccionados. El primer estudio se trató de un análisis pre-piloto de los ítems a través de una muestra de 212 participantes, y el segundo fue el análisis de ítems propiamente dicho a partir de una muestra de 344 participantes españoles con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 71 años. Para determinar la validez de contenido se calculó el acuerdo inter-jueces sobre el gado de pertenencia teórica item-faceta. Cada ítem fue evaluado por siete jueces y el criterio de selección se baso en un nivel de acuerdo mínimo del 70%. Este procedimiento condujo a la eliminación de 27 ítems. Los consiguientes análisis de ítems derivaron en una propuesta de escala preliminar de 40 ítems (Escala de Apreciación del Humor, EAHU) caracterizados por presentar unos adecuados estadísticos descriptivos a la vez que unos valores de discriminación y homogeneidad apropiados. De igual forma, la estructura interna de la escala se correspondió con la definición operativa de la apreciación del humor, presentando los distintos factores valores alfa de Cronbach que oscilaron entre 0,72 y 0,89. Palabras clave: apreciación del humor, validez de contenido, análisis de ítems, construcción de tests, EAHU.
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