This critical review describes some developments on the chemistry of fluorescent and colorimetric molecular probes or chemosensors, based on polyamines and associated compounds having oxygen and/or sulfur as donor atoms. The reported systems are essentially based on some selected published work in this field in the last five years, and in the work developed by the authors from 2000 onwards. Some interesting properties beyond sensing molecules, ions or/and cations by fluorescence, colorimetry as well as by MALDI-TOF MS spectrometry can arise from these systems. A short brief on different examples activated by PET (photoinduced electron transfer), ICT (internal charge transfer) and EET (electronic energy transfer) phenomena will be provided. Finally the introduction of bio-inspired compounds derived from emissive amino acid or short peptide systems and nanoparticle devices to detect metal ions will be reviewed (202 references).
Abstract-It has been generally acknowledged that the actions of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) are a result of its bioconversion into NO. However, recent observations have thrown this idea into doubt, with many studies demonstrating that NO is present only when there are high concentrations of GTN. We have explored this discrepancy by developing a new approach that uses confocal microscopy to directly detect NO. Intracellular levels of NO in the rat aortic vascular wall have been compared with those present after incubation with 3 different NO donors (DETA-NO, 3-morpholinosydnonimine, and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine), endothelial activation with acetylcholine, or administration of GTN. We have also evaluated the relaxant effects of these treatments on isolated rings of aorta following activation of the enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase and their inhibitory action on mitochondrial respiration, which is an index of the interaction of NO with the enzyme of the electron transport chain cytochrome C oxidase. In the case of the various NO donors and acetylcholine, we detected a concentration-dependent relationship in the intensity of vascular relaxation and degree of NO fluorescence and an increase in the
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