Purpose Implement a primary health care model for the Universidad de Tarapacá personnel in Arica, Chile, which is a desert region.
Methods The model was applied at 510 employees and consisted of applying a survey and eye exams such as: Visual acuity for near and far, autorefractometria, biomicroscopy, IOP. In the analysis measures of central tendency, proportions, means and standard deviation were used. The ratio differences were analyzed in in bivariate statistic chi2 and T Student.
Results The average age was 48 years old, 57% female and 43% male. The 27% have Aymara ancestry and of these, 13% have ocular disorders. The 18% have systemic diseases and 73% have just one family member with an ocular disease. One of every 4 states to have a diagnosed eye disease. The 50% of the total has 100% of AV without optical devices. The 34% use optical lenses that do not alter their visual acuity. Of those over 40 years old, 3% has IOP above 24 mm Hg, 7% over 21 and 90% less than 21. The 16% has Pterigion symptomatic and 5% are bilateral. The 61% of the total study population reports to feel the need to be assisted an eye professional.
Conclusion It is important to take measures for public health action and modify the regional and national public policies of our country through implementation models resolutive primary eye care for improving the access to healthcare systems. This makes better use of the specialized medical resources.
La hernia obturatriz es una causa rara de obstrucción intestinal. Es frecuente en mujeres multíparas, con pérdida de peso marcada. El diagnóstico preoperatorio es un reto y su manejo es quirúrgico, pero dada su poca frecuencia no existen recomendaciones sobre una técnica universal. Se presenta el caso de una mujer con obstrucción intestinal y diagnóstico tomográfico de hernia obturatriz. Se realiza abordaje mediante laparotomía infraumbilical, con reducción exitosa de la hernia y reparación con malla sin resección intestinal.
Purpose Knowing the semiological characteristics of surgical patient diagnosed with symptomatic pterigium, who has permanent resident at the desertical city of Arica, Chile.
Methods A transversal type study of 119 people was performed by applying them a survey, a physical exam and a pre surgical ophthalmologic evaluation. After surgery the removed tissue was sent to anatomopathological analysis. The survey data and test results were tabulated and analyzed using the statistical software Stata 11.0
Results Over 90% have permanent residence for more than 11 years in this desertical region; 89% work outdoors, 87.1% have nasal pterygium, 54% reported never used sunglasses. 73% has another visual disturbance. The 45.16% presents Pterygium of angiomatous and 45.15% Mixed type. Only 9.68% is fibrous. A 18.28% present metaplasia. Over 60% presents altered the Schirmer test results (higher than 24mm) and 50% in Break Up Time (BUT) altered lower or equal to 10 seconds.
Conclusion The Pterygium is a disease with high prevalence in the desertical city of Arica, Chile and it is evident that the absence of laws in prophylactic measures and educational activities, increase the damage that is produced by ultraviolet radiation. The relationship between the habitability of the desert and the correspondence with the use or not of lenses with UV protection is proportional.
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