The increasing mobility of capital raises competition between territories in order to attract it within their jurisdiction. Since 1994, the decentralisation process in Mexico has been accelerated by providing municipalities with greater funds. In parallel, Mexican municipalities have participated more actively on policymaking. Both facts should have allowed municipalities to enhance competitive advantages and increase their attractiveness. In spite of the increasing resources and local participation in policymaking, their effects on investment growth have not been tested yet. In addition, even when municipal governments cannot offer significant pecuniary incentives to firms, they use other means to boost investment. The effects of such regional policies to attract firms have not been tested either. This work is aimed to find out the extent to which the funds exerted at the local level have induced private investment growth. In addition, the effects of regional competition are tested. A panel data analysis is carried out using data for 63 Metropolitan Areas/cities for the period 1993-2008. The estimations are divided into domestic and foreign firms, and total and manufacturing firms, in turn. The results suggest that, two major spending items, namely Economic fostering and subsidies, and Public infrastructure investment, have a substantial effect on private capital. Moreover, the effects are larger over foreign firms, especially in manufacturing. In addition, competition strategies matter for private investment growth.
En el actual escenario económico dominado por una creciente globalización, la cual ha estado acompañada por un incremento relativo en la movilidad de los factores productivos, se ha puesto a debate el papel de los territorios y, particularmente, su necesidad de competir por éxito económico. En este contexto es relevante cuestionar qué motiva a que las regiones o ciudades compitan entre sí, cuáles son los mecanismos de competencia, qué actores participan, cuáles son los objetivos y sus consecuencias. Para dar respuesta a estas interrogantes, con base en una selectiva revisión de literatura, aquí se propone un esquema lógico para la sistematización del análisis de lo que es denominado competencia territorial, la cual es concebida como un proceso intrínsecamente ligado a un concepto de espectro y alcance bastante amplio en la literatura conocido como competitividad.
Los objetivos de México de reducir las emisiones de dióxido de carbono y de mejorar la Eficiencia Energética (EE) no pueden lograrse si no se hacen estimaciones de EE. Sin embargo, dada la falta de datos por estado, no hay indicadores por regiones o estados. Utilizando un modelo de Frontera de Producción Estocástica este artículo ofrece una estimación de EE para 29 estados e identifica determinantes de ineficiencia energética. Las conclusiones principales son tres: primero, la mayoría de los estados han mejorado su EE, excepto Jalisco, Baja California y Veracruz; segundo, se identificaron tres variables como determinantes de ineficiencia energética que son: densidad de población, potencial de mercado y alta presencia de la industria de materiales; tercero, el consumo de energía no disminuye con aumentos en el precio. La principal limitación es que, dada la disponibilidad de información, las estimaciones sólo incluyen a la electricidad como fuente primaria de energía.
Up to date, European and other developed countries became the centre of the pandemic. While the COVID-19 spread to developing countries and less developed regions, seems to be still very low. The Case Fatality Rate (CFR) differs a lot among countries, genetics, health systems, population characteristics as well as public health and social measures (lockdown measures) are believed to be the determinants of such diversity. Through an Ordinal Probit, Cross Section and Panel data models for 71 countries, it is shown that the nations applying more tests per million inhabitants are also those reporting more cases and deaths, yet greater testing helped to reduce CFR; while, health infrastructure and population health indicators could not be confirmed as drivers for CFR. The Stringency Index showed a negative correlation with the number of deaths. Our main finding is that, the pandemic concentration on developed nations is highly related with their ability and resources for tracking the pandemic. Three additional conclusions are drawn: first, the true CFR and its drivers at national levels cannot be estimated without increasing the number of tests per million inhabitants; second, there is an under-identification of cases and/or deaths and the countries applying more tests, are most clearly identifying the reality of the pandemic, while countries with less cases, are actually still walking in the dark; third lockdown measures have been effective at reducing the number of deaths.
A partir de la descentralización administrativa de la infraestructura hidroagrícola, tanto en México como en otros países,se establecieron asociaciones de usuarios de riego. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la eficacia administrativa de dos Asociaciones de Usuarios de Productores Agrícolas (AUPA) en el periodo 2011-2017 a través de indicadores financieros y contrastándola con los principios de adecuación del Banco Mundial y la normatividad nacional vigente. Aunque el módulo IV-3 es más eficaz que el I-3, ambos módulos observaron faltas a la normativa nacional. Por su parte, la Comisión Nacional del Agua (Conagua) no ejecutó sanciones. Esto indica la presencia de arreglos informales o clientelares, arriesgando la sostenibilidad de los módulos, mismos que tampoco cumplen con los principios del Banco Mundial. Este trabajo proporciona evidencia sobre la administración de las AUPA que hasta ahora no se han evaluado a nivel nacional.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.