Despite its high chemical value, most of lignin is nowadays burnt as low value fuel. It is therefore important to find innovative applications for its use. Copper compounds are used as plant protection products for more than 50 different diseases in viticulture, arable crops, hops, and horticulture, and they have been used for more than 100 years. Minimization of copper in agriculture has become a fundamental issue due to its negative environmental impact. Here we present a series of hybrid organic−inorganic materials (lignin@Cu), deriving from the combination of lignin with brochantite, Cu 4 (OH) 6 SO 4 . Optimization of the synthetic procedures has allowed us to isolate lignin-based materials containing different percentages of copper, where the brochantite crystals are featured by different morphologies and dimensions. A more environmentally safe synthesis of lignin@Cu materials by mechanochemistry is also investigated, which reduces the amount of water used and makes easier and faster the isolation of the final materials. Tests on strawberry and tomato plants in a greenhouse have highlighted a significative efficacy of the lignin@Cu materials against different pathogens at a copper content much lower than the one of copperbased commercial pesticides. A crystal morphology−activity correlation is also traced out. The synergic activity of lignin and copper ions can be used to reduce the copper content for efficient pathogen control. Moreover, the mechanochemical approach ensures a greener synthetic approach, in a perspective of a more sustainable agriculture.
Two novel pillared Zn(II)-based Metal-Organic Frameworks were de-novo synthesized exploiting N,N'-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diylbis-4-pyridinecarboxamide (bpba) and its fluorinated analogous N,N'-(perfluoro-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diyl)diisonicotinamide (F-bpba) as suitable pillar linkers and 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid as carboxylic ligand. The resulting heteroleptic MOFs, namely PUM210, [Zn4(bpba)1.5•(ndc)4•(H2O)]n and PUM210F, [Zn3(Fbpba)1•(ndc)3•(DMF)]n, feature an uncommon truncation of the Zn(II) paddle-wheel nodes along
Lignin is a natural polymer produced in huge amounts by the paper industry. Innovative applications of lignin, especially in agriculture, represent a valuable way to develop a more sustainable economy. Its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, combined with its biodegradability, make it particularly attractive for the development of plant protection products. Copper is an element that has long been used as a pesticide in agriculture. Despite its recognized antimicrobial activity, the concerns derived from its negative environmental impact is forcing research to move toward the development of more effective and sustainable copper‐based pesticides. Here a simple and sustainable way of synthesizing a new hybrid material composed of Cu2O nanocrystals embedded into lignin, named Lignin@Cu2O is presented. The formation of cuprite nanocrystals leaves the biopolymer intact, as evidenced by infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and Pyrolysis‐GC analysis. The combined activity of lignin and cuprite make Lignin@Cu2O effective against Listeria monocytogenes and Rhizoctonia solani at low copper dosage, as evidenced by in vitro and in vivo tests conducted on tomato plants.
Cr(VI) represents a worldwide issue due to its carcinogenicity and toxicity, and its removal from water/waste-water is of great relevance for the protection of the human health and of the...
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