Background Renal transplantation is the best modality of renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, it is associated with weight gain and metabolic abnormalities, which adversely impact transplant outcomes. Objective The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of one-year weight gain after renal transplantation. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 374 patients that underwent kidney transplantation between January 2006 and July 2013. Clinical and laboratory variables were collected from electronic records, and the outcome of interest was weight gain during the first year after renal transplantation. The data were reported as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range) or number of subjects (%). The association between variables were assessed via chi-square test and ANOVA. For analysis of risk factors related to the outcomes of interest, multivariable logistic regression models were used. Results There were 181 (48.4%) female patients, 334 (89.3%) with white ethnicity and the mean age was 44.4 ± 12.8 years. The mean BMI pre-transplant was 24.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2, and 35 (9.9%) patients were classified as obese; 119 (33.6%) as overweight; 187 (52.8%) as normal weight; and 13 (3.7%) as malnourished. After one year of follow-up, the mean BMI was 26.2 ± 5.0 kg/m2, and 61 (17.3%) patients were classified as obese; 133 (37.8%) as overweight; 148 (42.0%) as normal weight; and 10 (2.8%) as malnourished. Weight gain was observed in 72.7% patients, and the average increase was 7.12 ± 5.9 kg. The female gender, lower pre-transplant body weight, lower number of hospitalizations, and a kidney received from a living donor were associated with weight gain by more than 5% in the first year post-transplant. Conclusion Female gender and lower pre-transplant body weight were independently associated with weight gain by more than 5% in the first year after kidney transplantation; lower rates of hospitalization and donation from living donors were also risk factors for this outcome.

Objetivos:estudar a retenção de peso em mulheres nos primeiros três meses pós-parto e sua correlação com ganho de peso gestacional (GPG) e consumo alimentar.Métodos:estudo de coorte com 61 mulheres. Aplicou-se: Questionário de Frequência Alimentar (QFA), Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) e questionário referente à amamentação e dados antropométricos. Realizaram-se avaliações entre 24 e 48 horas pós-parto, 7, 15, 30 e 90 dias. A retenção de peso deu-se pela subtração entre peso aos três meses pós-parto e peso pré-gestacional. Os testes estatísticos usados foram: correlações de Pearson e Spearman, teste t de Student, de comparação múltipla com ajuste de Bonferroni e regressão linear.Resultados:a média de idade foi 28±7,0 anos, com medianas: de consumo alimentar diário na gestação de 3.670,3 kcal, GPG de 12,0 kg e retenção de peso nos primeiros três meses de 3,2 Kg. Observou-se associação significativa entre retenção de peso nos primeiros três meses pós-parto e o GPG (p<0,001) e a paridade (p<0,05). Para cada quilo ganho durante a gestação 0,8 kg foi retido nos primeiros três meses.Conclusões:a retenção de peso três meses pós-parto mostrou-se maior quanto maior o GPG durante a gestação e a paridade.

BackgroundExcessive weight gain is commonly observed within the first year after kidney transplantation and is associated with negative outcomes, such as graft loss and cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a high protein and low glycemic-index diet on preventing weight gain after kidney transplantation.MethodsWe designed a prospective, single-center, open-label, randomized controlled study to compare the efficacy of a high protein (1.3–1.4 g/kg/day) and low-glycemic index diet versus a conventional diet (0.8–1.0 g/kg/day of protein) on preventing weight gain after kidney transplantation. A total of 120 eligible patients 2 months after transplantation will be recruited. Patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate through the modification of diet of renal disease (MDRD) formula < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or urinary albumin excretion > 300 mg/24 h will be excluded. Patients’ diets will be allocated through simple sequential randomization. Patients will be followed-up for 12 months with nine clinic appointments with a dietitian and the evaluations will include nutritional assessment (anthropometrics, body composition, and resting metabolic rate) and laboratory tests. The primary outcome is weight maintenance or body weight gain under 5% after 12 months. Secondary outcomes include body composition, resting metabolic rate, satiety sensation, kidney function, and other metabolic parameters.DiscussionDiets with higher protein content and lower glycemic index may lead to weight loss because of higher satiety sensation. However, there is a concern about the association of high protein intake and kidney damage. Nevertheless, there is little evidence on the impact of high protein intake on long-term kidney function outcome. Therefore, we designed a study to test if a high protein diet with low-glycemic index will be an effective and safe nutritional intervention to prevent weight gain in kidney transplant patients.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02883777. Registered on 3 August 2016.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2158-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Introduction: Consumption of foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant components could contribute to a better control of the asthma. The aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary patterns, nutritional status, and asthma control in patients treated at an asthma referral center in Porto Alegre, Brazil.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 198 adult asthma patients. Participants completed a 24-hour food recall and a questionnaire on disease history, degree of control, and severity, as well as pulmonary and anthropometric assessments. We used exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis as an extraction method to derive the dietary patterns. Results:The mean body mass index was 29.6 (SD, 5.7) kg/m², and 41.9% were classified as obese. Regarding disease severity, 72.7% were classified as having severe persistent asthma, and concerning the degree of control, 59.6% of the patients had uncontrolled asthma. Three dietary patterns were identified: "Sugars", "Healthy", and "Fats and Alcohol". It was observed that the Fats and Alcohol pattern was significantly associated with men. However, no associations were observed between the other variables and dietary patterns. Conclusion:This was the first study to identify the dietary patterns in asthmatics in Brazil. Patterns found in the present study were "Sugars", "Healthy" and "Fats and Alcohol". However, there was no significant association between the 3 patterns and nutritional status or disease control.

Introdução: O câncer causa alterações metabólicas e disfunções imunológicas e nutricionais significativas que podem acarretar desnutrição e síndrome de anorexiacaquexia. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a associação entre a Avaliação Subjetiva Global produzida pelo paciente e os desfechos clínicos e nutricionais. Métodos:Foi realizado um estudo transversal, com coletas de dados retrospectivos, de pacientes atendidos em Ambulatório de Nutrição e Oncologia de um hospital público no Rio Grande do Sul, entre Janeiro de 2018 a Janeiro de 2020. Foram incluídos adultos com diagnóstico de câncer hematológico ou tumor sólido. Os dados demográficos e clínicos foram coletados a partir de prontuário eletrônico e os dados nutricionais e sintomas coletados através da ficha de anamnese. A relação entre variáveis categóricas foi avaliada pelos testes do qui-quadrado ou exato de Fischer, e de variáveis contínuas através dos testes de Pearson ou correlação de Spearman. O nível de significância utilizado foi de 5%.Resultados: Foram avaliados 260 pacientes, sendo 51,5% do sexo feminino, a maioria de raça branca (84,2%), com idade média de 59 anos. Em relação ao diagnóstico nutricional, observou-se que 41,5% dos pacientes eram bem nutridos, 39,6% apresentavam suspeita de desnutrição ou desnutrição moderada e 18,8% eram desnutridos graves. Observou-se associação significativa entre pacientes com desnutrição (ASGPPP B e/ou C) e os seguintes desfechos: idade, óbito, tipo de câncer, em especial, esôfago, pulmão e cólon, presença de diabetes melito, tipo de tratamento clínico e via alimentar. Também foi observada associação significativa com os sintomas de disfagia, odinofagia, saciedade precoce, alteração do paladar, xerostomia e inapetência quando comparado os pacientes desnutridos com os classificados como bem nutrido.Conclusão: Observou-se associação entre os pacientes com algum grau de desnutrição e diversos sintomas que influenciam negativamente no consumo alimentar. Além disso, foi associada à localização do câncer e seu tratamento.

No abstract

No abstract