The MR images, gross anatomic inspection, and histologic information led us to conclude that these anomalous structures were accessory heads of the biceps brachii muscle.

Our investigation documents osseous landmarks that are useful in the identification of the footprints of the tendons and ligaments that attach to the lateral epicondyle. Knowledge of these structures contributes to correct interpretation of MR images in persons with tendinous and ligamentous abnormalities in this region.

ObjectiveTo describe osseous landmarks that allow identification of the attachments of the ligaments and tendons in the distal medial aspect of the humerus.Materials and methodsReliable osseous landmarks in the distal medial aspect of the humerus were identified in 34 well-preserved specimens from a paleopathologic collection. These osseous landmarks were then sought in magnetic resonance (MR) images of ten cadaveric elbow specimens so that the ease of their visualization and optimal imaging plane could be assessed. To assign these osseous landmarks to specific attachments of the tendons and ligaments in the distal medial humerus, we cut the specimens in slices and photographed and examined them. Subsequently, the prevalence of these osseous landmarks as well as the attachment sites of the tendons and ligaments in this location was determined.ResultsWe determined ten reliable osseous landmarks in the distal medial aspect of the humerus, their prevalence and ease of identification, and their relationship to the attachments of the tendons and ligaments at the medial distal humerus.ConclusionIt is possible to use osseous landmarks at the distal medial humerus to facilitate identification of the different attachments of tendons and ligaments when MR images of the elbow are assessed.