RESUMOObjetivo -caracterizar o perfil dos trabalhadores rurais que fazem uso de agrotóxicos em lavouras cafeeiras de Minas Gerais, identificando os riscos potenciais, sinais e sintomas indicativos da exposição. Método -estudo descritivo, epidemiológico, abordagem quantitativa, utilizando um instrumento estruturado testado e validado. Resultado -91,07% eram homens, 40% tinham idades entre 31 a 50 anos, 39,29% tinham até 4 anos de estudo, 21,43% não utilizavam o EPI sempre, 8,93% foram intoxicados ao menos uma vez, 24,11% foram treinados para uso do EPI ao manipular agrotóxicos. Dentre os sinais e sintomas descritos pelos trabalhadores rurais houve significativa relevância a queimação, irritabilidade, tosse, cefaleia, sede. Considerações finais -Os trabalhadores subestimam a relação do agrotóxico com os sinais e sintomas de intoxicação, dificultando a notificação. É preciso que os profissionais de saúde incorporem na sua prática a assistência integral à saúde dos trabalhadores englobando a prevenção, promoção, assistência de emergência e notificação.Descritores: Trabalhadores rurais; Saúde do Trabalhador; Agrotóxicos; Promoção da Saúde. Characterization of pesticide use among farm workers ABSTRACTObjective -To characterize the profile of rural workers who use pesticides in coffee plantations in Minas Gerais, identifying potential risks, signs and symptoms indicative of exposure. Method -A descriptive study, epidemiological, quantitative approach, using a structured instrument tested and validated. Results -91.07 % were male, 40 % were aged 31-50 years 39.29 % had 4 years of study, 21.43 % were not wearing PPE always, 8.93 % were intoxicated at least once, 24.11% were trained to use PPE when handling pesticides. Among the signs and symptoms described by rural workers was significant relevance to burning, irritability, cough, headache, thirst. Final consideration -The workers underestimate the relationship of the pesticide with the signs and symptoms of intoxication, making the notification. It is necessary that health workers to incorporate in your practice comprehensive care health workers encompassing prevention, promotion, emergency assistance and reporting.
1. BAY 41-2272 is a potent activator of the nitric oxide-independent site of soluble guanylate cyclase and has been recently introduced as a new therapeutic agent to treat chronic pulmonary hypertension (PH) in neonatal sheep. Because the in vivo heparin-protamine interaction may lead to severe PH, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of BAY 41-2272 in the PH induced by heparin-protamine interaction in anaesthetized dogs. 2. Sixteen male dogs (10 mongrel dogs and six Beagles) were anaesthetized and instrumented for acquisition of mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), heart rate (HR), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac index (CI) and indices of systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance (ISVR and IPVR, respectively). Plasma cGMP levels and S(p)o(2) were evaluated. 3. Intravenous administration of heparin (500 IU/kg) followed 3 min later by protamine (10 mg/kg) caused marked PH, as evaluated by the increase in MPAP, PCWP and IPVR. This was accompanied by a significant fall in MABP and a transient increase in HR. Infusion of BAY 41-2272 (10 microg/kg per h, starting 10 min before heparin administration) augmented plasma cGMP levels and slightly and significantly increased HR and CI, without affecting the other cardiovascular parameters. The elevation in IPVR, MPAP and PCWP triggered by the heparin-protamine interaction was significantly reduced in animals exposed to BAY 41-2272. 4. In vehicle-treated dogs, the S(p)o(2) values decreased significantly at the peak of the PH and this was significantly attenuated by treatment with BAY 41-2272. In addition, BAY 41-2272 (10 micromol/L) had no effect on the activated partial thromboplastin time of citrated plasma after the addition of heparin-protamine. 5. In conclusion, BAY 41-2272 was effective in reducing canine PH induced in vivo by the heparin-protamine interaction, thus indicating its potential in the treatment of this type of disorder.
This study aimed to study the role of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the pulmonary hypertension induced by interaction of heparin-protamine in anesthetized dogs. The effect of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) was also investigated in this model. Dogs were anesthetized and instrumented for acquisition of mean arterial blood pressure, mean arterial pulmonary pressure (MPAP), and pulmonary pressure gradient (PPG). Cardiac index (CI), heart rate, and index of systemic vascular resistance were also obtained. Intravenous administration of heparin (500 IU/kg) 3 minutes before protamine (10 mg/kg) caused marked pulmonary hypertension, as evaluated by the increase in MPAP and PPG. This was accompanied by systemic hypotension, CI decrease, and tachycardia. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg), dazoxiben (10 mg/kg), or tezosentan (10-mg/kg bolus plus 10-mg/kg/h infusion) significantly reduced the increase in MPAP and PPG, but had no effect on the systemic hypotension. Similar results were obtained with inhaled NO (3 ppm). Plasma TXB2 levels were markedly elevated during the pulmonary hypertension, and this was abolished in indomethacin-treated dogs. Our study shows that interaction of heparin-protamine in anesthetized dogs lead to TXA2- and ET-1-mediated pulmonary hypertension. Drugs that interfere with the synthesis of these mediators as well as inhaled NO may be of beneficial value to control this disorder.
©2018 Universidad de Santander. Este es un artículo de acceso abierto, distribuido bajo los términos de la licencia Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC 4.0), que permite el uso ilimitado, distribución y reproducción en cualquier medio, siempre que el autor original y la fuente sean debidamente citados. Resumo Introdução: Hábitos alimentares inadequados na infância predispõem ao surgimento de doenças metabólicas na fase adulta, objetivando a identificar alterações de IMC em escolares no município de Poços de Caldas-MG-BR, com idades entre 6 a 12 anos, avaliar análises bioquímicas, dados antropométricos e padrão alimentar. Material e Métodos: Estudo quantitativo de campo, desenvolvido em três escolas, uma de ensino público e duas de ensino privado, no período de 2015 a 2016, com amostragem de 104 crianças. As variáveis de interesse foram dados antropométricos, amostragem sanguínea para exames laboratoriais e formulário de padrão alimentar. Resultados: A idade média da amostra foi 9,5±0,2, sendo 53,9% meninos e 46,2% meninas. Entre as prevalências encontradas, 51,0% das crianças tiveram algum tipo de alteração no IMC, sendo 29,2% de obesidade e 25,0% de sobrepeso na escola particular frente a 6,3% obesidade e 15,6% sobrepeso na escola pública. Observou que 60,6% apresentam alteração para glicemia em jejum (113,1±1,4 mg/dl). Colesterol 51,9% de alteração (196,0±2,9 mg/dl), HDL 43,3% mostram alterados (40,5±0,4 mg/dl), LDL percebe 19,2% das crianças apresentam aumento do valor normal (143,6±4,0 mg/dl) e TG 20,2% acima do valor recomendado (158,8±10,7 mg/dl). Foi possível observar ainda uma alta significantemente estatística na ingesta alimentar dando prioridade ao grupo de açúcares. Discussão: A amostra estudada apresenta alterações significativas para sobrepeso e obesidade, bem como para valores de porções alimentares, glicemia e dislipidemias. Conclusões: Mostra-se importante estudo na área a fim de mapear e melhorar o perfil nutricional para diminuir os riscos aos quais as crianças estão expostas.
Introdução: O trabalho dos agentes de Segurança Penitenciária é estressante, com reflexos diretos na saúde laboral. Objetivo: comparar fatores de risco que desencadeiam Síndrome Metabólica relacionada ao estresse nos agentes penitenciários. Material e Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo realizado com agentes de segurança penitenciária de um município de Minas Gerais. Utilizou-se instrumento semiestruturado para caracterização amostral, exames antropométricos, avaliação da pressão arterial, coleta de sangue para análise bioquímica. O estresse foi avaliado com o Inventário de Sintomas de estresse de Lipp. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comité de Ética em Pesquisa (Parecer 110218 CAAE: 05360512.9.0000.5137). A análise foi a partir da estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Foram pesquisadas 38 agentes de Segurança Penitenciária. Os agentes, masculinos e femininos, respectivamente, apresentaram os seguintes parâmetros: média de idade 33,00 ± 1,86 anos vs 33,37±1,36 anos. Quanto aos exames alterados: pressão arterial 23,33% 138,81/93,09 ± 1,42/1,50 mmHg) vs 12,5% (145,00/94,5±2,89/0,50 mmHg); glicemia 36% (101,67 ± 1,68 mg/dl) vs 37,50% (110,11 ± 3,94 mg/dl); triglicerídeos 26,57% (317,50 ± 26,57 mg/dl) vs 15,22% (233,83 ± 15,22 mg/dl); HDL baixo 46,67 % (30,92 ± 1,4 mg/dl) vs 75% (35,59 ± 2,27 mg/dl); Circunferência abdominal aumentada 14,44% (110,6 ± 2,12 cm) vs 50% (97,00 ± 2,86 cm); obesidade 37,50% (33,53 ± 0,72) vs 23,33% (33,13 ± 0,53); colesterol total alto 18,75% (272 ± 7 mg/dl); LDL alto 18,75% (168,40 ± 2,40 mg/dl) nos homens e nas mulheres 10% (170,07 ± 2,59 mg/dl); 70,00% dos homens e 100% das mulheres em alguma fase de estresse. Conclusão: As mulheres tiveram maiores médias de pressão arterial e glicemia, bem como todas estavam em estresse. Entretanto, as frequências de dados alterados foram maiores entre os homens. O estudo mostra a correlação entre as variáveis que definem Síndrome Metabólica e estresse entre agentes prisionais, sendo que a maioria dessas variáveis é modificável.
Objective: to characterize the profile of bodybuilders regarding the use of ergogenic resources and to relate it to body self perception. Method: a quantitative, cross-sectional study carried out at two-city fitness centers in Minas Gerais with structured interviews using a questionnaire and the set of silhouettes. The analysis was by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS15.0), General Linear Model of repeated measures and Pearson's correlation. Results: the practice of bodybuilding, in both sexes, was due to improved health. Most said they perform physical activities and consume supplements without medical or nutritional guidance. The most commonly used is the protein, being that men consume more, compared to women. Conclusion: there was no evidence of self-image changes related to the use of supplements, despite the lack of orientation. Descriptors: Self image; Anabolics; Dietary Supplements; Health Promotion. Nursing. RESUMOObjetivo: caracterizar o perfil de praticantes de musculação quanto ao uso de recursos ergogênicos e relacioná-lo à autopercepção corporal. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, realizado em academias de musculação de duas cidades de Minas Gerais com entrevistas estruturadas utilizando um questionário e o conjunto de silhuetas. A análise foi pelo Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS15.0), General Linear Model de medidas repetidas e a correlação de Pearson. Resultados: a prática de musculação, em ambos os sexos, foi pela melhora da saúde. A maioria afirmou que realiza as atividades físicas e consome suplementos sem orientação médica ou nutricional. O mais utilizado é o de proteínas, sendo que os homens consomem mais em relação às mulheres. Conclusão: não houve evidências de alterações de autoimagem relacionadas ao uso de suplementos, apesar da falta de orientação. Descritores: Autoimagem; Anabolizantes; Suplementos nutricionais; Promoção da Saúde; Enfermagem. RESUMENObjetivo: caracterizar el perfil de practicantes de musculación en cuanto al uso de recursos ergogénicos y relacionarlo al auto percepción corporal. Método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal, realizado en gimnasios de musculación de dos ciudades de Minas Gerais con entrevistas estructuradas utilizando un cuestionario y el conjunto de siluetas. El análisis fue por el Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS15.0), General Linear Model de medidas repetidas y la correlación de Pearson. Resultados: la práctica de musculación, en ambos sexos, fue por la mejora de la salud. La mayoría afirmó que realizan las actividades físicas y consumen suplementos sin orientación médica o nutricional. El más utilizado es el de proteínas, y los hombres consumen más en relación a las mujeres. Conclusión: no hubo evidencias de alteraciones de autoimagen relacionadas al uso de suplementos, a pesar de la falta de orientación. Descriptores: Autoimagen; Anabolizantes; Suplementos Dietéticos; Promoción de la Salud; Enfermería.
ObjectivesMethylglyoxal (MGO), a metabolite of the glycolysis pathway, is a precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGE). Levels of MGO are elevated in pre‐diabetic and diabetic patients (Dornadula 2015 et al. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015;28:1666–74). Because increased AGE formation has been proposed as one mechanism involved in vascular complications and platelet activation of diabetes (Hadas K et al, Plos One, 8:e74401; 2013), this study aimed to evaluate the effects of MGO on the human washed platelet aggregation induced by thrombin and collagen.MethodsThe study was approved by the local Ethics Committee (Protocol No. 66299817.4.0000.5137). Platelets were isolated from peripheral blood of human healthy volunteers (7 men and 10 women, aged 27.8±1.9 y.o.). Platelet samples (200 μL) were incubated with MGO (0.08–0.64 mM), and subsequently activated with either thrombin (0.01 to 1.0 U/ml) or collagen (0.2 to 20 μg/ml). Platelet aggregation was performed with an optical aggregometer (PAP‐8E Platelet Aggregation Profiler, PA, USA).ResultsThrombin produced concentration‐dependent platelet aggregation, achieving a maximum response at 0.3 and 1 U/ml (0.8 ± 0.5, 15.7±4.7, 27.8±5.5, 59.6±5.4 and 63.9±3.3% for 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1 U/ml, respectively). Pre‐incubation with MGO (0.08 mM) markedly increased (p<0.001) the thrombininduced platelet aggregation (14.0±13.5, 50.6±4.7, 72.4±4.2, 79.4±4.4 and 77.2±2.7%, respectively). Similar data were observed using higher concentrations of MGO (0.16 and 0.64 mM). In separate samples, addition of collagen induced concentration‐dependent platelet aggregation (0.2±0.2, 8.6±3.7, 14.4±4.4, 41.4±4.9 and 53.2±5.3 for 0.2, 1.0, 2.0, 10.0 and 20.0ug respectively). Pre‐incubation with MGO (0.08 mM) significantly increased (p<0.001) the collagen‐induced aggregation (0.5±0.3, 38.7±11.5, 38.3±6.8, 56.8±4.9 and 57.1±4.9 respectively). Higher concentrations of MGO (0.16 and 0.64 mM) also significantly potentiated collagen‐induced aggregation. MGO incubated had no effect in the absence of thrombin or collagen. Next, we evaluated if the potentiation of thrombin‐ and collagen‐induced platelet aggregation by MGO was due to inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) – cyclic GMP signaling Incubation of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (3uM) inhibited by 32,7% a 60,9% (p<0.05) the thrombin‐ and collagen‐induced aggregation, respectively. However, MGO (0.08 e 0.16 mM) had no effect on the inhibitory effect of SNP on thrombin‐ and collagen‐induced aggregation. We also evaluated the protein expression by western blotting of both α1 and β1 subunits of soluble guanylate cyclase in the absence and presence of MGO. However, MGO did not significantly modify the expression of either subunits.ConclusionMGO enhances human platelet aggregation induced by thrombin and collagen by mechanisms independent of inactivation of NO‐cGMP signaling.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
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