This paper concentrates explicitly on examining the structural and functional transformations occurring within the metropolitan area of Bucharest, resulting from sustained economic growth during the past quarter century, by conducting a time analysis, spanning the entire period since the fall of the communist regime in late 1989.Cities in developed countries of Western Europe and Asia experienced rapid economic growth during the second half of the 20th century and exhibited novel patterns of evolution in terms of urban form and associated functional characteristics. Lately, these patterns have become manifest in Bucharest as well. However, transformations in human, social, residential, and transportation supply capital are difficult to observe directly. Hence, our methodology concentrates on studying interactions between several proxies connected to economic development within the metropolitan area of Bucharest. This paper should be read as an exploratory study that buttresses the assumption that improved economic well-being, when accompanied by the transition between a centrally planned economy to a market economy, increases motorization rates, while at the same time triggering a sharp decline in the use of public transport and contributing to aggressive urban sprawl processes. Moreover, hopefully it will guide future research dedicated to forecasting urban expansion paths and their determinants. Hopefully, it also informs policy design intended to promote sustainable urban mobility and accessibility.
A methodology that integrates a computer program COPERT III for calculation of traffic emissions estimates, and a transportation modelling software CUBE VOYAGER was used to assess pollutant emissions for a suburban area, as a support for future transport planning strategies to be applied for any developing road network. COPERT III is used to obtain the carbon monoxide emission factors by accounting for the car fleet composition, characteristics and average speed. An aggregated emission parametric equation was determined and used further on for estimating network carbon monoxide emissions based upon the output of macroscopic traffic characteristics enabled by traffic simulation software, CUBE VOYAGER. The methodology and modelling results are applied here for Floreşti, a satellite town of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
This paper covers a broadly used methodology used in travel behavior research aiming at determining individual and alternative-specific variables that influence the choice of the transportation mode for commuting trips. Data used in the analysis were obtained in July 2015 by means of a computer-assisted telephonic interview survey conducted in Cluj Metropolitan Area, Romania. The survey collected a wide range of day-by-day travel patterns, socioeconomic data, and attitudes and perceptions toward urban transportation services. Given the lack of studies from emerging, post-socialist countries, the survey assigned a section dedicated to an alternative ticketing policy for public transport services in order to evaluate the willingness of commuters to switch to a more sustainable transportation through non-coercive interventions. A revealed preference – stated preference modelling methodology was adopted in order to reveal the role of socioeconomic characteristics, along with features of transport supply and built environment in explaining commuting patterns and forecast sustainable modal splits. Both the survey and the methodology are scalable and flexible to be used, adapted, and applied in a wide range of transport policies regarding modal shifting strategies.
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