The presence and properties of long‐range correlations in temperature data reflect interactions among climate components; therefore, the quantitative characterization of scaling aspects of temperature patterns is important to climate research and can serve as an effective constituent of tests for climate models. The article presents the results of a study using multiscale characterization of daily atmospheric surface temperature patterns in Atlantic Canada. Important influences in this region are exerted from the west (the Pacific Ocean), the south (the Gulf of Mexico) and the north (the Arctic), while a significant easterly impact is due to the Atlantic Ocean; the corresponding processes involve a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. The objective of the present study of long‐term temperature recordings was to evaluate the scaling properties produced in this geographical context. The data consist of homogenized daily atmospheric temperature time series recorded in stations from Atlantic Canada over a time interval of more than 100 years. Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) was applied both to maximum and minimum temperature records. The atmospheric temperature pattern produced by the interplay of factors of different strengths and dominating various time‐space scales was found to be characterized by consistent scaling properties, expressed over time intervals ranging from months to decades. Higher values of DFA scaling exponents were obtained for minimum temperature compared to maximum temperature records. Site‐specific properties include stronger pattern persistence—higher DFA exponents—for oceanic than for coastal locations; persistence tends to decrease with increasing distance from the coast for distances up to 10 kilometres. Scaling exponents tend to increase with decreasing difference between average minimum and maximum temperature, which may be relevant for the assessment of future changes in pattern variability if climate change involves modified contrasts between minimum and maximum temperature values.
The paper addresses the problem of fingerprints of fragmentation processes, showing that structuring by fragmentation can be detected and investigated fruitfully if approached with a proper methodology, of which fractal instruments represent an important part. Studied aspects include fragments size distributions, fragments size-position relations, and long-range correlations in fracture profiles and fracture patterns. The choice of experiments (comminution of flat samples and fragmentation by desiccation cracking) was directed by the aim to complement existing studies from the point of view of fragmentation energy application, being also intended to provide data from processes where different mechanisms are at work. Power-law fragments size distributions were found, but also fragments clusters on dominant size intervals that point towards a fractal character of the size distribution from the point of view of the positions of the distribution maxima. The self-affine character of fractures and of fracture patterns could be emphasised on certain scale intervals, separated by thresholds that are important for studies concerning the implied mechanisms. Fragments size-position correlations indicate a high probability of neighbouring fragments to be of comparable size. The features highlighted for structuring by fragmentation were found in all the studied experiments, their generality pointing towards useful implications for geoscientific research.
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