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Introduction: Despite prevention efforts, malaria remains a public health problem. Methodology: This was a prospective study conducted between October and December 2010 that aimed to describe the therapeutic route of adults presenting with severe malaria prior to being admitted to Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar, Senegal. Results: A total of 90 patients were included. The majority of them had consulted a public or private health care facility (92%) prior to admission. First consultation occurred on average two days after the onset of the disease. Self-medication (67.4%) and traditional medicine (26.1%) were the main causes of delaying care. Conclusions: Early care and adequate management are needed to reduce malaria mortality.

Introduction: Self-medication is a common practice in Benin. It has many consequences on people's health in general and develops chemoresistance in particular. Aim: The aim of this work is to study the practice of anti-malarial self-medication in the city of Parakou and to identify the associated factors with this practice. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional analytical survey that took place in the period from April 15 to June 24, 2017. Adults who reported having had malaria symptoms in the last 6 months before the survey and living in 9 neighbourhoods randomly selected in the city of Parakou were included. A structured questionnaire collected their self-medication habit, the drugs used, the supply places and the reasons for this practice. Data were analysed using the Epi-data 3.1 software. Results: Of the 335 respondents included in this study, 141 (42.09%) had self-medicated including 130 (38.81%) with anti-malarial drugs. Fever is the main symptom of malaria cited by respondents (129% or 38.51%) followed by headache (93% or 27.76%). The most commonly used anti-malarial drugs for self-medication are quinine (60% or 44.45%) followed by artemisinin-based combination therapy (46% or 34.07%). Eighty-seven respondents (66.92%) did not have a good knowledge of the drug dosage. Reasons for self-medication were mainly the high cost of consultation fees (99% or 54.10%) and good knowledge of one's illness (53% or 28.96%). Self-medication associated factors were fever (p = 0.

BackgroundLassa fever is one of the most lethal neglected tropical diseases in West Africa. It is a serious public health problem in this region of Africa where it is endemic in several countries. However, it remains a very little known disease by healthcare workers. The lack of specificity of its clinical manifestations makes its diagnosis difficult even in an epidemic context.Case presentationWe report here a confirmed case of Lassa fever whose diagnosis could not be suspected until 11 days after the symptomatology began. This case was recognized as a suspected case of Lassa fever in the Internal Medicine Department of the Regional and Teaching Hospital of Borgou due to the persistence of the fever and the worsening of the patient’s clinical condition despite triple antibiotic therapy in general and especially due to the appearance of hemorrhages. Confirmation of the presence of Lassa fever virus by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assay on blood sample was obtained after his death despite late initiation of Ribavirin treatment.ConclusionThis case challenges Benin’s health authorities on the need to facilitate access to diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic fevers and to train caregivers at all levels of the health system for better management of these diseases.

IntroductionL’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les connaissances et attitudes des relais communautaires vis-à-vis des fièvres hémorragiques à virus Ebola et Lassa et leur implication dans la mise œuvre des activités de prévention de ces maladies.MéthodesUne enquête transversale descriptive a été menée auprès des relais communautaires recrutés par tirage au sort dans 40 villages du département de la Donga. Ces relais faisaient la prise en charge à domicile des maladies respiratoires, diarrhéiques et du paludisme chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans. Un questionnaire anonyme a été administré par interview directe. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide du logiciel Epi-info 3.5.1.RésultatsAu total 58 relais communautaires (RC) ont participé à cette enquête sur les 60 attendus. L’âge moyen était de 38,7±10,6 ans avec un sex-ratio de 3,5. Il y avait majoritairement trente cinq cultivateurs (60,3%) et treize revendeuses (22,4%). Quarante huit enquêtés (82,8%) reconnaissaient les deux maladies comme étant graves, mortelles et transmissibles. Les trois principales voies de transmission citées étaient le contact ou la consommation de gibiers (87,9%), le contact direct avec les personnes infectées (74,1%) ou leurs cadavres (46,6%). Les principaux moyens préventifs énumérés étaient en lien avec les voies de transmission. La fièvre (81,0%), les vomissements (81,0%) et la diarrhée (60,3%) venaient en tête des symptômes cités. Seulement vingt-deux RC (37,9%) disposaient de gants mais les utilisaient rarement pour examiner les enfants malades. Quant à la conduite à tenir devant un cas suspect de fièvre hémorragique virale Lassa ou Ebola, quarante-et-un relais communautaires (70,7%) feraient recours aux agents de santé sans toucher au malade, neuf (15,5%) feraient appel à l’ambulance et huit (13,8%) transporteraient le cas sur leur propre moto ou sur un taxi-moto vers le centre de santé le plus proche.ConclusionLe renforcement des capacités des relais communautaires sur les fièvres hémorragiques virales contribuerait à l’amélioration de leurs connaissances sur ces épidémies mortelles et à la qualité de leurs interventions dans la population.IntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate the knowledges and attitudes of community volunteers on Lassa and Ebola viral haemorrhagic fevers and their role in the implementation of activities for the prevention of these diseases.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional descriptive survey among community volunteers chosen by lot in 40 villages in the Donga Department. Children under five years of age with respiratory and diarrheal diseases and malaria were treated by these community volunteers in their home. An anonymous questionnaire was administered by direct interview. Data were analyzed using Epi-Info 3.5.1.ResultsOut of 60 community volunteers potentially participating in this survey a total of 58 effectively participated. The average age of community volunteers was 38.7 ± 10.6 years with a sex-ratio of 3.5. The majority of the community volunteers were farmers (thirty-five, 60.3%) and...

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Les personnes vivant avec le Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humain (VIH) présentent des complications métaboliques qui sont généralement multifactorielles. Elles sont associées à un risque élevé de morbidité et de mortalité cardiovasculaires. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer le niveau de risque cardiovasculaire et les facteurs associés chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, descriptive à visée analytique conduite sur une période de six mois allant du 1er Février au 31 Juillet 2016. Un recrutement systématique a permis d’inclure des patients âgés de plus de 15 ans, VIH positif, sous traitement antirétroviral et suivis à l’hôpital universitaire départemental de Borgou. Le risque cardiovasculaire (RCV) a été évalué selon le score de Framingham qui a permis de classer les patients en deux groupes : les patients ayant un RCV mineur (score < 10%) et ceux ayant un RCV majeur (score ≥ 10%). La régression binominale en analyse univariée et multivariée a été utilisée pour identifier les facteurs associés au risque cardiovasculaire. Tous les tests statistiques ont été réalisés avec un seuil de significativité de 5% et un intervalle de confiance de 95%. Au total, 215 PVVIH ont été inclus dans cette étude sur les 2365 patients suivis au CHUD Borgou. L’âge moyen était de 43,65 ± 11,38 ans avec les extrêmes de 19 et 75 ans. Le sexe féminin était prédominant (146 soit 67,91%) avec une sex-ratio (H/F) de 0,47. Un risque cardiovasculaire majeur était présent chez 56 patients (26,05%). Les facteurs associés au RCV majeur en analyse univariée étaient le sexe féminin (p = 0,019), la consommation du tabac (p = 0,003), le diabète (p < 0,001), l’hypertension artérielle (p < 0,001), le syndrome métabolique (p < 0,001) et l’exposition à l’association Lopinavir/ritonavir (p = 0,011). La prise de Zidovudine avait un effet protecteur (p = 0,008). En analyse multivariée, les facteurs associés au RCV majeur étaient le sexe féminin (p = 0,0001), le tabagisme (p = 0,02) et la présence du diabète (p = 0,0003). Les patients infectés par le VIH suivis à Parakou présentent plusieurs facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire. Ce risque doit être prévenu par la prescription des mesures hygiéno-diététiques et l’instauration d’un suivi cardiologique régulier. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Mots clés: VIH, Risque cardiovasculaire, traitement antirétroviral, Parakou English Title: Cardiovascular risk in adults living with the human immunodeficiency virus and on antiretroviral therapy in Parakou English Abstract People living with HIV have metabolic complications that are usually multifactorial. They are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the level of cardiovascular risk and associated factors in people living with HIV. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytically study conducted from February to July 2016 at the Teaching and Regional Hospital of Borgou. Systematic enrolment included patients older than 15 years, HIV positive, and followed up under antiretroviral therapy. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was assessed according to the Framingham score, which classified patients into two groups: patients with a minor CVR (score <10%) and those with a major CVR (score ≥ 10%). Binomial regression in univariate and multivariate analysis are used to identify associated factors with cardiovascular risk. A total of 215 PLHIV were included in this study on the 2365 patients monitored at CHUD Borgou. The average age was 43.65 ± 11.38 years. Females were predominant (146, 67.91%) with a sex-ratio of 0.47. A major cardiovascular risk was present in 56 patients (26.05%). The factors associated with major CVR in univariate analysis were female gender (p = 0.019), tobacco use (p = 0.003), diabetes (p < 0.001), high blood pressure (p < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001), and exposure to lopinavir/ritonavir combination (p = 0.011). Exposure to zidovudine had a protective effect (p = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with major CVR were female gender (p = 0.0001), smoking (p = 0.02), and presence of diabetes (p = 0.0003). HIV-infected patients in Parakou have several cardiovascular risk factors. This risk must be prevented by prescribing diet and lifestyle measures and instituting regular cardiological follow-up. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Keywords: HIV, cardiovascular risk, antiretroviral therapy, Parakou

We report here a case of giant vulval condyloma in a two-year-old infant infected by her “baby sitter” without sexual abuse. Treated by surgical excision coupled with electrocoagulation, it was noted a rapid recurrence two weeks after treatment requiring a second electrocoagulation session. More than a year later, no lesion was noted, thus demonstrating therapeutic success. The unavailability of imiquimod in our context requires a systematic use of invasive treatment regardless of the age of the patient.