In this study, the natural and anthropogenic toxic metal pollution, and the general characteristics of lake sediments are investigated spatially and temporally. Three lakes are chosen in 2014 according to their origin from the Southeastern Black Sea-Sera Lake, Uzungol Lake, and BorS cka Dam Lake. Four sampling campaigns are conducted during the four seasons: spring, autumn, winter, and summer. The elements lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and arsenic (As) are selected for investigation. The highest average toxic concentrations of Cu (498.46 μg g À1 ), Pb (185.60 μg g À1 ), and As (18.74 μg g À1 ) were found in BorS cka Dam Lake; however, those of Zn (435.00 μg g À1 ) and Ni (143.42 μg g À1 ) are found in Sera Lake. The highest metal concentrations are observed in autumn. Metal concentrations are determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The potential ecological risk index (RI) and geoaccumulation index (I GEO ) values are calculated for assessing sediment pollution. The assessment of sediments according to their potential ecological risk to the aquatic environment reveal that Cu contamination is a moderate risk in BorS cka Dam Lake. According to I GEO classifications, the highest I GEO values are found in BorS cka Dam Lake in autumn. Accordingly, the study area is determined to be highly contaminated with Cu and Pb. Cu and Pb can be considered as major contributors to ecological risk in these Southeastern Black Sea lakes.
In this study, the natural and anthropogenic heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Co) pollution in coastal sediments near the city Trabzon which exhibits an increasing population and industrial activity in the Southeastern Black Sea Region, were investigated spatially and temporally. The sediment along the coast of Trabzon is influenced by three rivers, Degirmendere, Yanbolu, and Solakli, resulting in a spatial separation. The highest heavy metal sediment concentrations were measured in the section influenced by Solakli and the lowest at the sites affected by Yanbolu. Furthermore, a strong temporal trend was observed displaying the highest metal concentrations in autumn. With the purpose for determining the level of pollution, the methods of the factor of sediment enrichment factor, the index of pollution load, the index of geoaccumulation and sediment quality guideline were applied. Three research areas were heavily polluted by Cu, Pb, and Zn. These metals concentration in Solakli coastal region were found significant enrichment. Current concentration of these metals would be expected to frequently be associated with toxic effects on biota of coastal regions.
In this study, the natural and anthropogenic copper (Cu) pollution in coastal sediments near the city Trabzon which exhibits an increasing population and industrial activity in the Southeastern Black Sea Region, were investigated spatially and temporally. The sediment along the coast of Trabzon is influenced by three rivers called Degirmendere, Yanbolu and Solakli resulting in a spatial separation. The highest Cu sediment concentration was measured in the section influenced by Solakli (88.07 μg g(-1)) and the lowest at the sites affected by Yanbolu (56.86 μg g(-1)). Also a strong temporal trend was observed displaying the highest Cu concentration in autumn (107.06 μg g(-1)) and the lowest in spring (52.06 μg g(-1)). Based upon the results of this study and; according to the Sediment Quality Guideline, Cu is the major contributor to toxicity in the coastal zones of all regions.
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