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This article deals with the inclusion of civil society organizations (CSOs)

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The paper discusses democratisation practiced in Surakarta, Indonesia, which

This article examines electoral strategies used by candidates in regional elections in new Indonesian jurisdictions. It uses the 2017 regional election in Maybrat, West Papua as a case study. It explores the candidates’ strategies and motivations in context, as well as their results. Research indicates that similar election strategies were used by candidates, such as exploiting elements of territory, class, and kinship. However, their emphases differed: the losing candidate had positioned class solidarity centrally in their campaigns, while the victorious candidate had emphasized spatial solidarity. This research also observed the exploitation of latent tensions over the location of the regional capital in the new jurisdiction of Maybrat, where the creation of new resources, services, and public offices intensified long‐standing contestations. Ultimately, distancing themselves from electoral logics that target individual voters, the candidates in Maybrat targeted specific groups, a strategy representative of Papuan society’s communal tendencies.

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This article discusses the phenomenon of volunteer organizations supporting Joko Widodo – better known as Jokowi – in Surakarta and the surrounding area during Indonesia's 2014 presidential election. This research is important because, although volunteerism has been commonly replicated since Barack Obama's victories in the 2008 and 2012 American presidential elections, profi les of volunteers (their identities, motivations and self-defi nitions of their activities) and their activities (how they organize carry out and fund them) are still largely unknown. The article aims to address this lack of research within both the context of political transformation in Indonesia as well as the broader context of volunteerism, and to show how it contributes to democratization in Indonesia. This article reveals that volunteerism as a movement crosses class, age, ideological and gender boundaries, while its organizational form at the local level seems to be based on class, gender and/or age. Through their organizational models, activities, approaches and motives, volunteers have restored activism and volunteerism to Indonesian political processes. Nonetheless, this article cannot be certain of the movement's contribution to the development of Indonesian democracy.