The role of topologically close packed (TCP) phases in deformation of superalloys and steels is still not fully resolved. In particular, the intrinsic deformation mechanisms of these phases are largely unknown including the active slip systems in most of these complex crystal structures. Here, we present a first detailed investigation of the mechanical properties of the Fe7Mo6 µ-phase at room temperature using microcompression and nanoindentation with statistical EBSD-assisted slip trace analysis and TEM imaging. Slip occurs predominantly on the basal and prismatic planes, resulting also in decohesion on prismatic planes with high defect density. The correlation of the deformation structures and measured hardness reveals pronounced hardening where interaction of slip planes occurs and prevalent deformation at pre-existing defects.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a major inhibitor of fibrinolysis, and a single nucleotide insertion/deletion (4G/5G) polymorphism in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene has been identified. Subjects homozygous for the 4G allele have the highest PAI-levels due to increased PAI-1 gene transcription. Pre-eclampsia, and one of its most severe forms, the HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) syndrome, are characterized by increased placental thrombosis based on a procoagulatory state in the mother. Several studies have investigated the role of the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism in pre-eclampsia, but no study has focused especially on HELLP syndrome. Therefore we aimed to assess the association between HELLP syndrome and the 4G/5G polymorphism in the PAI-1 gene. Genotyping of the PAI-1 4G/5G promoter polymorphism was performed in 102 Caucasian women with HELLP syndrome and 102 Caucasian women with uncomplicated pregnancies. The 4G/4G genotype was more frequent in women with HELLP syndrome than in controls (35.3% vs. 22.5%, respectively) but this difference was not significantly different (P = 0.129). The frequency of the 4G allele was 0.588 in patients and 0.515 in controls. These data suggest that women carrying a 4G/4G genotype of the PAI-1 gene are not at increased risk for developing HELLP syndrome and are thus in line with the majority of previous studies on the association between the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and pre-eclampsia.
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