Objective. The authors interest was focused on interferon impact on dopamine status and on the relation between negative emotional state and dopamine in melanoma patients. Methods. 60 patients diagnosed with malignant melanoma in 1st or 2nd clinical stage were included in the first 56 days after surgical removal of the tumor in an observational prospective study. The patients were divided in 2 groups: group A that included 30 cases treated with 10MU interferon alpha2b/mp three times a week for one year and group B that included 30 cases with no adjuvant treatment. Urinary dopamine (ELISA) was evaluated before treatment with interferon alpha2b, after 1, 6, 12 months of treatment and after 6 months from the end of the treatment. Neuropsychiatric disorders were grouped according to their frequency in melanoma patients. Results. Neuropsychiatric disorders associated with the treatment with interferon were: irritability, asthenia and fatigability, sleep disorders, anxiety, cognitive disorders, somatic symptoms. The treatment with interferon altered dopamine metabolism. Dopamine returned to the pretherapeutical values at six months after interferon was stopped. Patients with low levels of urinary dopamine had a high, statistically significant risk of developing depression during interferon treatment (OR=2.647, IC=2.186-3.014, p=0.0216). Conclusions. Low dopamine might have a major role in the development of depression secondary to interferon treatment.
Molecular pathology of benign prostatic hyperplasia is multifactorial and involves endocrine, biochemical, immunological interactions. The mechanisms involved in the onset and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia are: infections, 50 years of age, hormones and neurotransmitters imbalances, inflammation, oxidative stress. The potential role of glycosylation in the pathogenesis of prostate disease has been neglected. In this study we documented the profile of gangliosides in normal and pathological prostatic tissues together with the pathologic changes seen in the level of extracellular gangliosides in patients with prostate pathology. Analysis of the data in the literature suggests that gangliosides may represent immunologic markers useful in the differential diagnosis between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Microbial community is highly diverse on the skin surface and can change in response to environmental challenges or aging. Its mutual relationship with the host and its key role in tissue homeostasis have also been reported. Previously, our workgroup described a non-inflammatory Th17/Treg milieu in sebaceous skin region which can be connected to the different microbiome and chemical milieu of this area. Since these factors also differ in apocrine gland-rich (AGR) areas, we aimed to compare the immune milieu of healthy sebaceous gland-poor (SGP) and AGR skin regions and to study its changes in Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS), an inflammatory disease characteristically localized on AGR areas. Cytokines, cell surface markers, activation markers and transcription factors of keratinocytes, dendritic cells (DC) and T cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and qPCR in biopsies from healthy AGR and SGP skin and from HS lesional skin. In AGR skin, higher noninflammatory TSLP expression, DC appearance without prominent activation and T cell presence with IL-17/IL-10 cytokine milieu were detected compared to SGP skin. The level of these parameters further increased in HS with the presence of activated DCs and a prominent influx of IL-17+ and IFN-g+ cells. qPCR analyses of the aforementioned factors showed a similar pattern. Similarly to sebaceous region, AGR skin areas represent distinct immune milieu from SGP regions, which can be the result of the different microbiome and chemical milieu. These changes may be connected to the maturation of apocrine glands and change in microbiome during puberty, but it needs further investigation.
The relation between sun exposure, vitamin D synthesis and skin cancer is a complex one. Radiations from the sun stimulate the cutaneous vitamin D synthesis, one way, and promote the development of the skin cancer on the other way. A lot of epidemiologic and experimental studies revealed contradictory results regarding the relation between vitamin D and malignant melanoma. The vitamin D deficiency, accurate biochemical indicator of the vitamin D status in the body, could be implicated in promoting metastasis of the malignant melanoma by activation of the cellular proliferation, stimulation of the neutrophils chemotaxis and promoting angiogenesis. Identification of therapeutic strategies to normalise serum levels of the 25-OH vitamin D3 could represent useful tools in preventing melanoma metastasis.
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