A review is presented of literature regarding the physiological mechanisms which might rolato to the arousal effects of exercise demonstrated by Davey's paper in this symposium. It is assumed that exercise is associated with raised aobivity in one of tho diffusely-projecting neural systems, the' Reticular Formation ". It is suggested that the greater activity in this system could arise, on tho one hand, as a part of the central programme initiating tho muscular activation and associated cardiovascular excitation; and on the other, as a result of afferent feed-back from these peripheral changes. The suggestion is made that the effect of the eouivat.ion projected from such systems on the sots of coIls involved in sequences of neural activity patterns which subserve , mental functions' would depend upon the intenaiby of the activation. If it is low, tho lovel of excitation in the relevant target cells may be insufficient to ensure t.he correct sequential flow of tho patterns. If it is high, the level of excitation may be such as to cause spurious firing in targe1;; cells in the patterns concerned and in cells concerned with irrelevant patterns, in either case disturbing the relevant patterns by , noise.'
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