We have designed and fabricated a compact, 250 cm3 electric field cooling alternate current poling (FC ACP) system and obtained an enhanced dielectric permittivity (ε
T
33/ε
0) of 7920 which was 10 to 33% larger than that of high temperature (HT) ACP of 0.70Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.30PbTiO3 (PMNT) single crystal (SC) with phase change temperature (T
pc) of 93 °C. However, when the FC ACP temperature from 200 to 35 °C was applied for 0.31Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-0.43Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.26PbTiO3 (PIMNT) SC with a T
pc of 136 °C, the ε
T
33/ε
0 decreased by 55% compared with that of HT ACP. Temperature dependence of the ε
T
33/ε
0 and phase analysis by X-ray diffraction of these SCs produced by a continuous-feeding Bridgman process showed clear different properties. We conclude the effects of FC ACP on the electrical and physical properties are different from the compositions, T
pc, Curie temperature, etc., and it is required to find the best FC ACP condition according to each SC.
After field cooling (FC) alternating current poling (ACP), we investigated the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of [001]pc-oriented 0.24Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3 (PIN)-0.46Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN)-0.30PbTiO3 (PT) (PIMN-0.30PT) single crystals (SCs), which were manufactured by continuous-feeding Bridgman (CF BM) within morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region. By ACP with 4 kVrms/cm from 100 to 70 °C, the PIMN-0.30PT SC attained high dielectric permittivity (ε33T/ε0) of 8330, piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 2750 pC/N, bar mode electromechanical coupling factor k33 of 0.96 with higher phase change temperature (Tpc) of 103 °C, and high Curie temperature (TC) of 180 °C. These values are the highest ever reported as PIMN-xPT SC system with Tpc > 100 °C. The enhancement of these properties is attributed to the induced low symmetry multi-phase supported by phase analysis. This work indicates that FC ACP is a smart and promising method to enhance piezoelectric properties of relaxor-PT ferroelectric SCs including PIMN-xPT, and provides a route to a wide range of piezoelectric device applications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.