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ABSTRACT-Violent people often claim that God sanctions their actions. In two studies, participants read a violent passage said to come from either the Bible or an ancient scroll. For half the participants, the passage said that God sanctioned the violence. Next, participants competed with an ostensible partner on a task in which the winner could blast the loser with loud noise through headphones (the aggression measure). Study 1 involved Brigham Young University students; 99% believed in God and in the Bible.

CO-related cognitive sequelae, depression and anxiety are common and may be independent of poisoning severity.

Our data suggest that substance dependence increases hospital LOS and that patients with drug or alcohol dependence are at higher risk for ICU admission compared to the general population.

This study assessed the relationships among the accuracy of grade predictions, actual grades, self-enhancement bias, and attributions about academic performance. As a group, students anticipated higher grades than were earned. Individual differences in selfenhancement bias were measured using the discrepancy between anticipated and attained grades. This self-enhancement bias was negatively correlated with effort attributions and positively correlated with luck attributions. Students with higher American college testing (ACT) scores made more accurate predictions of their actual grades, demonstrating less self-enhancement bias. Students with the highest risk of performing poorly in class (lower ACT scores) were at greatest risk of overestimating grades, assumed external attributions for grade attainment, and were less likely to adopt positive learning strategies. Implications for teaching are discussed.

We developed the Symptoms of Illness Checklist (SIC) to study psychological influences on physical symptoms of illness. A total of 520 participants completed the SIC and, in some samples, the Salient Stressor Impact Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Daily Hassles and Uplifts Scale, Derogatis Stress Profile, Life Experiences Survey, and the Symptoms CheckList-90-R. The SIC's test-retest, internal reliability, and validity verified by physician ratings, were very good. SIC correlations with diverse stress measures were less inflated than those of other instruments indicating the SIC is a reliable and valid tool to study psychological influences on physical illness.

The present study investigated whether or not a man’s proclivity to engage in sexual harassment impacts how he blames sexual harassers and their victims. One hundred nineteen male participants read hypothetical harassment scenarios and responded to Bartling and Eisenman’s (1993, Sexual harassment proclivities in men and women. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 31, 189–192) Sexual Harassment Proclivities scale. Results revealed that men high in the proclivity to harass blamed harassers less and victims more than did low-proclivity men. Furthermore, ratings of similarity of the perpetrator and relevance of the situation suggest that this differential pattern of blaming reflected a self-protective motivation proposed by Shaver’s (1970, Defensive attribution: Effects of severity and relevance on the responsibility assigned for an accident. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 14, 101-113) defensive attribution theory.

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