Moyamoya is a progressive steno-occlusive cerebrovascular pathology of unknown etiology that usually involves the terminal portions of the internal carotid arteries and/or the proximal portions of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries bilaterally. The preoperative Suzuki staging system and postoperative Matsushima grade are nearly universally used markers of natural history and surgical revascularization results, respectively, but their correlation with clinical and radiographic manifestations of moyamoya has not been systematically evaluated in a large cohort. This study evaluated the strength of correlations between pre- and post-operative angiographic parameters and clinical status among pediatric patients with moyamoya. The participants included 58 patients of mean age 11 years at the time of surgery who underwent bilateral indirect revascularization in the same procedure at Boston Children’s Hospital, between January 2010 and December 2015. All included patients had available preoperative and 1-year postoperative digital subtraction angiography. Clinical data included presenting symptoms, degree of functional incapacity, and perioperative and long-term complications. Radiographic data included preoperative Suzuki stage, degree of arterial stenosis, a novel collateral score, the presence of hypovascular territories on digital subtraction angiography, and postoperative Matsushima grade and evolution of stenosis. Chi-squared test and Pearson coefficient were used for correlation studies for categorical variables and Spearman’s rho was used for correlation studies for continuous variables. Results showed that Suzuki stage, collateral score, and degree of stenosis were insufficient to predict clinical presentation, preoperative incapacity, and radiographic presentation, whereas the presence of hypovascular territories was correlated with all of these. At 1-year follow-up, Matsushima grade was insufficient for predicting perioperative or long-term complications, nor did it correlate with postoperative incapacity. The presence of hypovascular territories at 1-year follow-up was correlated with the incidence of postoperative ischemic symptoms.
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