Título: Aprendizaje cooperativo en matemáticas: Un estudio de los efectos del parámetro de igualdad sobre el rendimiento académico. Resumen: El principal objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la importancia del contenido de aprendizaje y el papel de los conocimientos previos de los alumnos para la formación de los grupos de aprendizaje cooperativo. La investigación se desarrolló en tres aulas de matemáticas de un centro de Educación Secundaria y la muestra estaba formada por 72 alumnos de 3º curso de ESO. Los resultados vienen a demostrar la existencia de una correlación negativa entre el parámetro de igualdad (cooperación, colaboración y tutoría) y la mayor o menor proximidad cognitiva existente entre los conocimientos previos de los alumnos y la estructura de los contenidos de aprendizaje. Palabras clave: aprendizaje cooperativo; parámetro de igualdad; enseñan-za de las matemáticas; conocimientos previos; educación secundaria.
Abstract:The aim of this research is to determine, the importance of learning content and the role of students' prior knowledge for the formation of cooperative learning groups. The research was conducted in three mathematics classrooms at a secondary school and the sample was composed of 72 third year students. The results prove the existence of a negative correlation between the equality parameter (cooperation, collaboration and peer-tutoring) and the degree of existing cognitive proximity between students' prior knowledge and structure of the learning content.
This article proposes a teacher training program in Cooperative Learning Methods (CLM). The analysis of the effects of the program on the development of CLM instructional designs is based on an eight category system which supports the development of instructional design that organizes the classroom from a cooperative perspective. This study also proves the existing differences among professionals teaching at different levels of the non-university education levels. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the training process of teachers who work in non-university educational system and its effect on their practice.
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