The obesity-exacerbated asthma phenotype is characterized by more severe asthma symptoms and glucocorticoid resistance. The aim of this study was to standardize an obesity-exacerbated asthma model by a high glycemic level index (HGLI) diet and ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenges in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into groups: control (Ctrl), obese (Ob), asthmatic (Asth), obese asthmatic (Ob + Asth) and obese asthmatic treated with dexamethasone (Ob + Asth + Dexa), and in vivo and in vitro functional and morphological parameters were measured. After HGLI consumption, there was an increase in body weight, fasting blood glucose, abdominal circumferences, body mass index and adiposity index. Respiratory function showed a reduction in pulmonary tidal volume and ventilation. In isolated tracheas, carbachol showed an increase in contractile efficacy in the Ob, Ob + Asth and Ob + Asth + Dexa, but mostly on Ob + Asth. Histological analysis of lungs showed peribronchovascular inflammation and smooth muscle hypertrophy and extracellular remodeling on Ob + Asth and Ob + Asth + Dexa. An obesity-exacerbated asthma model was successfully established. Therefore, this model allows further molecular investigations and the search for new therapies for the treatment and relief of symptoms of patients with obesity-induced resistant asthma.
O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a prevalência de rastreamento positivo para transtorno depressivo e ansioso, em discentes do curso de graduação em Farmácia, de uma universidade pública, no estado da Paraíba. Questionários validados para rastreamento de depressão (PHQ9) e ansiedade (BAI) foram aplicados em estudantes de graduação em farmácia matriculados na universidade. Participaram da pesquisa alunos maiores de 18 anos, sem diagnóstico prévio de transtornos mentais. A pesquisa foi submetida ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisas do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, sendo aprovada sob o Parecer nº CAAE 15399019.4.0000.5188. Os resultados apontaram que 34% dos alunos avaliados apresentaram scores compatíveis com depressão moderada a grave e 18% com scores compatíveis com ansiedade moderada a grave. Foi observada correlação de Pearson positiva (r = 0,672) em relação aos scores do questionário dos transtornos depressivos e ansiosos. Foi identificada correlação positiva entre a idade e os scores do PHQ9 (r= 0,059). Não foi observada correlação entre idade e os scores do BAI, assim como entre o score da escala de PHQ-9 (r= 0,003) ou BAI (r= 0,033) em correlação com a renda dos acadêmicos. Os dados demonstram que existe uma elevada prevalência de possíveis transtornos mentais em alunos de farmácia da UFPB, sendo fundamental o cuidado e intervenção do farmacêutico para o acompanhamento e tratamento adequado, tendo em vista promover a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos estudantes universitários.
The overweight and population with obesity has an increased risk of mortality from HF. However, some studies point to the existence of an "obesity paradox" where there could be a protective effect on the relative risk of death by HF in these populations with high BMI. In this way, the present study aimed to investigate obesity as a risk factor for heart failure. For this, an overview of systematic reviews was performed by selecting articles from the following databases: "Pubmed", "Scopus" and "SciElo”. A total of 615 articles were found from this initial search, leaving 59 articles for full-text reading, of which 22 articles were included for data extraction using the predefined inclusion criteria. From these 22 studies 73% were meta-analysis and 64% of the studies are of high methodological quality according to AMSTAR-2. Overweight and obesity have demonstrated a close relationship with the onset and increase of mortality by HF, studies have even been found that point to a gene interference in this relationship. In studies reporting on the obesity paradox, the results pointed to a momentary protection from mortality risk.
Obesity-exacerbated asthma phenotype is characterized by more severe asthma symptoms and glucocorticoid resistance. The aimed of this study is to standardize an obesity-exacerbated asthma model by high glycemic level index (HGLI) diet and ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenges in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into groups: control (CG), obese (OG), asthmatic (AG), obese asthmatic (OAG) and obese asthmatic treated with dexamethasone (OADEXAG) and in vivo and in vitro functional and morphological parameters were measured. After HGLI consumption there was an increase in body weight, abdominal circumferences, body mass index, retroperitoneal, epididymal, inguinal adipose tissues and adiposity index. Respiratory function showed reduction in pulmonary tidal and minute-volume. In isolated trachea, the cumulative concentration-response curves for carbachol showed increase in contractile efficacy in OG, AG, OAG and OADEXAG, while OAG showed the greatest contractile efficacy. Histological sections of lungs showed an increased peribronchovascular inflammatory area on OAG, smooth muscle hypertrophy and remodeling area filled by extracellular matrix, and these changes were not reversed by treatment with dexamethasone. Obesity-exacerbated asthma model was successfully established. Therefore, this model allows further molecular investigations and the search for new therapeutic alternatives for the treatment and relief of symptoms of patients of obesity-induced resistant asthma.
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