This study determined nutritional quality, content of antioxidant compounds and antioxidantactivity in the rind (mesocarp) of the fruit of 15 genotypes of xoconostle to identify those thathave greater nutraceutical potential. A proximal analysis was conducted. Contents ofbetalain, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity werequantified. The data obtained were analyzed with an analysis of variance (ANOVA), theTukey test (P ? 0.05) and the Pearson coefficient of correlation. Significant differences in theproximal composition and antioxidant compounds were found among the 15 genotypes. Thegenotype Cambray had the highest total content of betalains (35.06 mg 100 g-1 f.w.). Theantioxidant activity observed in the other genotypes may be due to a synergetic effect of thepresence of total betalains, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and vitamin C. The wildgenotype Chaveñito (O. sainaltense), which had the highest percentage (95.88 %) ofinhibition of the DPPH radical (indicating greater antioxidant activity), can be considered thegenotype with the best nutraceutic quality.
Se evaluaron 10 genotipos de xoconostle de los estados de Hidalgo y Zacatecas, con el objetivo de realizar una caracterización para potenciar su cultivo, uso y comercialización. La mayoría de los frutos de xoconostle evaluados presentaron un color irregular en cáscara o piel, densidad de areolas media, número de glóquidas de baja a media y de color amarillo, la mayor relación longitud-diámetro se observó en xoconostle ‘Borrego’, menor longitud del pedúnculo y mayor longitud ecuatorial (diámetro del fruto) en xoconostles ‘Cambray’ y ´Manzano´, pocas semillas en ‘Manso’ y ´Guinda´, mayor porcentaje de mesocarpio (pulpa) y menor porcentaje de pericarpio (cáscara) en ´Borrego’ y los frutos de Xoconostle ‘Virgen’ y ‘Cambray’ presentaron el menor porcentaje de endocarpio. Al realizar la cosecha de los frutos, tomando como índice de cosecha la menor depresión de la cicatriz del receptáculo, los frutos alcanzaron su madurez óptima de consumo. En años recientes, se ha incrementado la industrialización de productos a base de xoconostle, por lo cual es importante su conservación y la continuación de estudios que ayuden a entender mejor los beneficios que pueden aportar los diversos componentes del xoconostle en la dieta humana.
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