Several techniques are used to reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligaments (ACL) by using different grafts in order to obtain a new ligament with properties closest to those of the healthy one. Our aim was a faster graft harvesting and the integration into the bone tissue; we have studied the efficiency of the techniques that preserve the torn ligament end vs. the techniques that used a graft harvested from the patient. The ligamentoplasty studies performed on rabbits reveal a satisfactorily cost-efficiency ratio, this being the main reason for choosing this model. We wanted to study the importance of preserving one edge of the torn ligament as a base of integration for the new graft and compare the appearance of the blood vessels and the neoformation tissue in the two study groups. For the first study group we performed an implantation technique that uses a complete new graft harvested from the same animal and for the second group we used the technique which preserves the torn ligament. All the surgical procedures were conducted on the NZW rabbits. All ligamentoplasty reconstruction surgical interventions were conducted on the left limb and the graft was harvested from the extensori digitorum longi located on the lateral side of the rabbit�s thigh. Twelve rabbits in each group were operated upon using the two techniques and the results were compared. No major complications were noted, the long term results were similar, and with no significant differences as far as the ligament integration was concerned. The study group in which the ligament end was preserved showed a more rapid integration. Our study suggests that keeping a longer ligament end correlates with early graft integration.
A good fixation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendons graft is important to withstand the stress on the graft resulting from post-operative rehabilitation. The optimal hamstring tendons graft fixation method remains uncertain within the sports medicine literature. The most used fixation techniques include: suspensory fixation with cortical-buttons, transfemoral fixation with cross-pins, and tunnel aperture fixation with interference screws. Patient recruitment and baseline data collection of this study were done at our hospital between July 2011- March 2016. In this study we included the records of 80 patients with an ACL rupture who elected to undergo ACL reconstructive surgery with allograft tissue. In our study the patients were mixed in 2 groups: (A) patients with interference bone screw group used for anterior ligament reconstruction graft fixation in both the femur and tibia and (B) patients with the cortical flip button group underwent graft fixation with the button on the femoral side and an interference screw on the tibial side. Our clinical study shows no significant differences in the patients� outcomes after using these two fixation devices.
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