Mesodesma donacium is a marine clam distributed from Sechura Bay (5°S) in northern Perú to Chiloé Island (43ºS) in southern Chile. Due to the commercial importance of this species, their populations have been reduced in the later years. In this work the karyotype morphology of M. donacium is described for the first time, to be additional to taxonomical, ecological, morphological, and reproductive antecedents previously documented for the species. M. donacium shows a diploid karyotype 2n = 38 with one metacentric, fifteen submetacentric and three subtelocentric chromosome pairs. The total haploid set length was 42.4 µm, and the mean chromosome size was 2.2 µm. M. donacium showed similitude in chromosome number with other species of the Veneroida order, but differences were found in morphology and size of the chromosomes. The cytogenetic relationships between M. donacium and other species of Veneroida is also discussed. RESUMENMesodesma donacium es un almeja distribuida desde Sechura Bay (5°S) en el Norte de Perú hasta la isla de Chiloé (43ºS) en el sur de Chile. Debido a la importancia económica de esta especie, su población ha sido reducida en los últimos años. En este trabajo se describe por primera vez la morfología cariotípica de M. donacium, como antecedentes adicionales taxonómicos, ecológicos, morfológicos y reproductivos descritos previamente para la especie. M. donacium muestra un cariotipo diploide 2n=38 con un par metacéntrico, quince submetacéntricos y tres pares cromosómicos subtelocéntricos. La longitud total del set haploide fue de 42,4 µm y el tamaño cromosómico medio fue de 2,2 µm. M. donacium mostró una similitud en el número cromosómico con otras especies del Orden Veneroida, sin embargo fueron encontradas diferencias en tamaño y morfología de los cromosomas. Se discuten las relaciones citogenéticas entre M. donacium y otras especies de Veneroida.
The karyotype of the plant species Krameria cistoidea Hook. & Arn. was studied by assessing chromosome characters such as morphology, size, and C-banding pattern. The karyotype of K. cistoidea was composed only by metacentric chromosomes in the two populations studied. The haploid set length was 51.9±2.3 µm and the mean chromosome size was 8.68±0.78 µm. Some similarities in chromosome morphology and size can be observed among K. cistoidea and K. triandra, in addition to the chromosome number 2n=12 which is conserved within the genus. K. cistoidea exhibited a symmetric banding pattern with large C-bands in the telomeres of the short and long arms of all chromosomes, except the short arm of pair 1. The relative length of the C-bands was 23.5% of the total haploid set length. These cytological results on K. cistoidea are the first data on quantitative karyotype morphology and C-banding patterns in the genus Krameria. Key words: Krameria, karyotype, C-banding
An overview is provided on the cytogenetic of Chilean plants, highlighting information gathered from more than a century of work carried out by foreign and national researchers who have contributed to the study of native species. We briefly present the progress made to date and also emphasize some strategies that, in our opinion, could spur further advances in this second century of cytogenetic studies in Chilean plants. Key words: Cytogenetics, cytogenomics, Chilean plants.
An overview is provided on the cytogenetic of Chilean plants, highlighting information gathered from more than a century of work carried out by foreign and national researchers who have contributed to the study of native species. We briefly present the progress made to date and also emphasize some strategies that, in our opinion, could spur further advances in this second century of cytogenetic studies in Chilean plants. Key words: Cytogenetics, cytogenomics, Chilean plants.
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