Over the last decade we have witnessed an unprecedented growth in the number of crossborder R&D investments towards large emerging countries such as China and India. However, small middle-income countries have played a marginal role as recipients of R&D-related FDI despite increasing policy efforts. In particular, several Latin American countries have recently launched new policy programs with the aim of attracting this kind of investments, but it remains uncertain whether public incentives can be useful to compensate for other locational disadvantages. The case of Chile provides an interesting empirical setting to explore these issues because during the last decade its government has been increasingly promoting R&D-related FDI through new policy instruments. This article suggests that for national innovation systems to benefit from the attraction of internationally-mobile R&D it is critical for public policies to ensure that appropriate linkages are established with local actors that hold absorptive capacities. Equally important for a small emerging economy like Chile is to prioritize R&D-related FDI in strategic technology niches where the country can realistically attain critical mass.
Innovación en la industria minera: Estrategias empresariales y de política pública recientes en Chile* Innovation in the Mining Industry: Recent Business and Public Policy Strategies in Chile
Palabras clavesCluster, minería del cobre, innovación, movilizador, proveedores, cartera de proyectos.
ResumenEste artículo presenta la experiencia de los últimos tres años de desarrollo del cluster basado de innovación en torno a la minería metálica de Chile. Se hace un especial énfasis en la importancia de la innovación, sus movilizadores y las distintas maneras para innovar. Además, se exponen los principales lineamientos de los programas que se desarrollan actualmente en Chile, con sus respectivas estrategias empresariales y su política pública y privada.
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