Safety of fluoroquinolones: risks usually forgotten for the clinicianQuinolones are a group of widely used antimicrobials. Although they are considered safe for patients, knowledge of the safety profile is necessary so that professionals become aware of what is necessary to monitor. At the musculoskeletal level, quinolones have the potential to damage cartilage, causing even tendon rupture in infrequent cases. Hypoglycemia / hyperglycemia has been observed at the endocrine level, thus, careful monitoring of glycemia in patients with quinolone is recommended in diabetic patients. At the cardiovascular level, arrhythmias induced by these antimicrobials are rare but severe. At the level of the nervous system, the appearance of alterations of the central nervous system and the peripheral neuropathy are emphasized. When assessing the safety of quinolones, it is important to consider potential interactions with other substances (medical products). In children it is preferred not to use fluoroquinolones because of the potential risk of cartilage damage and growth, effects that do not seem to be so dramatic in the face of new evidence. Despite optimism, the safety of the treatment of these antimicrobials should be evaluated in every pediatric patient.Key words: Fluoroquinolonas, safety, pharmaco surveillance, pediatrics. Palabras clave: Fluoroquinolonas, seguridad, farmacovigilancia, pediatría. IntroducciónL as quinolonas son un grupo de antimicrobianos que ha presentado un aumento progresivo de consumo ambulatorio a través de los años 1 . Gracias a la farmacovigilancia se han detectado reacciones adversas graves que han obligado a retirar del mercado varias fluoroquinolonas 2 . Por ejemplo, grepafloxacina experimentó un retiro voluntario por el efecto de prolongación del intervalo QT, complicación que exponía a los pacientes a riesgo de arritmias ventriculares graves, como la torsión de puntas 3 . Otro ejemplo fue el retiro de gatifloxacina, por alteraciones en los valores de glicemia 4 . El reporte de las reacciones adversas a medicamento a la autoridad regulatoria es un factor clave para la detección oportuna de eventos adversos en nuestra población. Si bien el grupo de las quinolonas es considerado seguro para los pacientes, el conocimiento del perfil de seguridad es necesario para que los profesionales estén en conocimiento de lo que es necesario reportar. Los efectos adversos más frecuentes de las quinolonas son los gastrointestinales (náuseas, vó-mitos, diarrea), las alergias y las reacciones neurológicas (mareo, cefalea, ansiedad) 5 . En los últimos años algunas agencias sanitarias de países desarrollados han emitido alertas de seguridad por reacciones adversas a este grupo de medicamentos y, a pesar de que estos eventos son incluidos en los folletos de información al profesional, son desconocidos para los médicos clínicos.El objetivo de la presente revisión es dar a conocer reacciones adversas de las fluoroquinolonas que han adquirido relevancia clínica en los últimos años, con la intención de que sean detectad...
Antimicrobials are among the most commonly prescribed classes of medications in Neonatal Intensive Care Units; however, its use has been constantly associated with a number of medication errors in clinical practice. In contrast to this situation, there is no common agreement when it comes to determining the right dosing, administration, or handling of antibiotics in this population. In order to help improve the use of antibiotics, decrease the rate of medication errors and optimize clinical results in the newborn, this review aims to provide recommendations to support and guide the correct preparation of some of the most relevant antibiotics used in neonatal wards.
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