El presente artículo tiene como propósito analizar la incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) en espacios educativos formales bajo un enfoque de inclusión social, sustentados en las ideas de Burbules (2008),Brunner (2008), Coll y Martí (2001), Hepp (2008), y Martín (2008), entre otros. Se ha desarrollado bajo la metodología de análisis documental enmarcada en el paradigma interpretativo con enfoque cualitativo. Así, es posible decir que se ha realizado unanálisis documental revisando documentos científicos para identificar y analizar estos aspectos. Luego de este proceso metodológico se ha concluido que la configuración de un enfoque de inclusión social garantiza una efectiva incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) en espacios educativos formales. De modo que se requiere de una reflexión amplia y profunda que conduzca a un replanteamiento de los métodos de enseñanza y aprendizaje y sus estructuras clásicas, implicando una transformación del pensamiento conducente al despliegue de acciones que van mucho más allá de la simple incorporación de equipos informáticos en el aula. Palabras clave: TIC, educación, inclusión.
Objective: Describe t he culture care practices of pregnant indigenous women that live in the Zenu reserve located in the savannah of Cordoba, Colombia. Materials and methods: qualitative, ethnographic focus supported by the ideas of Colliere and Leininger. 10 pregnant indigenous women were interviewed, until reaching theoretical saturation. The cultural knowledge and taxonomic analysis allowed to perform a composed analysis in which the following subjects were compared, classified and grouped: Being pregnant for the Zenu women; taking care of themselves during pregnancy: a guarantee for the unborn child; the coldness and its consequences, the midwife as a control and care character of the Zenu woman during pregnancy and birth. Result: The Zenu woman begins prenatal care, as soon as she identifies her pregnancy, through some proper pregnancy characteristics that are accurate for them. Once the pregnancy is identified, a series of care practices begin, including eating well, avoiding heavy duties, caressing the belly with the midwife, bathing early to avoid coldness and avoiding sexual relationships to prevent malformations. Conclusion: The Zenu woman has its own pregnancy care practices and ways of protecting the unborn child, besides trusting the care and attention brought by the midwifes. The nursing care offered to these women must be done based on the transcultural knowledge proposed by Leininger.
Introduction: Maternal mortality is recognized worldwide as a public health issue, a situation that has been addressed by the United Nations (UN) including its reduction within the third objective of sustainable development. Likewise, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) have been in charge of establishing programs focusing on promoting and improving maternal health.Objective: Analyze the evolution of maternal mortality in the department of Córdoba - Colombia in the period 2008 to 2020 and identify changes in the trend.Method: Ecological with retrospective information. The maternal mortality ratio was calculated for the department of Córdoba and for Colombia for the period 2008 - 2020. Using joinpoint regression, the Annual Percentage Change (APC) of the ratio was estimated and inflection points were identified.Results: The results of the study show two periods with an increasing trend for the department of Córdoba: the first between 2008 and 2010 with a PCA of 8.3 (95% CI: -71.3 – 462.6) and the second between 2018 and 2020 with a APC of 20.8 (CI95% -63.3 – 297.3). However, the p value in both time periods is not statistically significant.Conclusions: The MMR in the department of Córdoba presents a fluctuating behavior with large increases and sudden decreases that suggest deficiencies in the recording of information and in the notification of the event. Introducción: La mortalidad materna es reconocida globalmente como un problema de salud pública, situación que ha sido abordada por la Organización de Naciones Unidas (ONU) incluyendo su reducción dentro del tercer Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible. Así mismo, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) se han ocupado de instaurar programas encaminados a promover y mejorar la salud materna.Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de la mortalidad materna en el departamento de Córdoba – Colombia en el periodo 2008 a 2020 e identificar los cambios en la tendencia.Método: Ecológico con información retrospectiva. Se calculó la razón de mortalidad materna para el departamento de Córdoba y para Colombia para el periodo 2008 - 2020. Mediante la regresión joinpoint se estimó el Porcentaje de Cambio Anual (PCA) de la razón y se identificaron puntos de inflexión.Resultados: Los resultados del estudio evidencian para el departamento de Córdoba dos periodos con tendencia creciente: el primero entre el 2008 y 2010 con un PCA de 8,3 (IC95%: -71,3 – 462,6) y el segundo 2018 y 2020 con un PCA de 20,8 (IC95% -63,3 – 297,3). Sin embargo, el valor de p en ambos periodos de tiempo no resulta estadísticamente significativo.Conclusiones: La RMM en el departamento de Córdoba presenta un comportamiento fluctuante con grandes aumentos y repentinos descensos que sugieren deficiencias en el registro de la información y en la notificación del evento.
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