This study was designed to compare employee attitudes toward two performance appraisal systems—a trait-rating scale and a performance standards system. Based on prior research, it hypothesized that employees would prefer a performance standards system to the trait-rating scale. Surprisingly, results of the study showed no difference on two factors and significant difference in the opposite direction from that which was hypothesized on a third factor. Factors which may have influenced employee attitudes toward the performance appraisal systems are discussed.
When business ethics are taught in both professional and academic settings, there is a tendency to focus on prescriptive techniques and narrowly defined case studies. This procedure closely follows the methodology of much management training where the theoretical is applied to specific cases which provide illustrations as well as the opportunity for students to involve themselves in the learning process. The authors thought that the inadequacy of this deductive approach to teaching ethics is found primarily in the limitations of the cases presented, and that using fiction would address this inadequacy by providing instances that were more complete and lifelike. After three rationales for this approach are presented, a case study of the use of a specific literary work in studying ethics will be considered. Although this example will present a teaching unit that failed to achieve its purpose, an examination of why it failed reveals significant problems in the teaching of business ethics in general, and suggests ways in which literature can be used for this purpose successfully.
Three Rationales(1) The complexity of ethical issues demands a complex medium for studying them. The complexity of ethical situations demands that managers achieve a wide-range view of the issues surrounding them. Ethical decisions are probably the most difficult that managers are called upon to make. The intricacies of these decisions are such that well-meaning, &dquo;right thinking&dquo; people can reach entirely opposing conclusions. For instance, the development of complex medical equipment such as ventilators may, on one hand, allow for prolonged high-quality life following heart valve replacement and, on the other, may prolong dying in patients with hopeless conditions. As another example, golden parachutes provide a substantial measure of security for executives and allow them to continue managing in an organization despite a threat of hostile takeover, while on the other hand, golden parachutes may encourage careless management by providing &dquo;too much&dquo; security for upper-level executives. Finally, when managers at Dupont
The goal of this project was to create a ranking of journals in management and related areas. This compilation is designed for use as an aid in appraising the performance of faculty members and as a guide to potential authors seeking outlets for their work. The information in this analysis does not alter the well-accepted top-tier list of journals; instead, it provides differentiation among the remaining vast majority of journals. The rationale for developing such a list and the ways in which this list compares with those previously accessible are discussed. The methodology used to rank journals is presented, along with a description of the results. A listing of journals ranked in the top five categories is provided in the Appendix.
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