Introducción: La vitamina D se ha considerado como un componente protector para la diabetes mellitus tipo II, esto se debe a que la sensibilidad a la insulina se estimula por la expresión de los receptores insulínicos y la activación de los receptores de la proliferación de peroxisomas, la cual se estimula de una manera indirecta sobre la secreción insulínica y va a estar regulada por la calbindina. La deficiencia de la vitamina D, de igual forma es un problema de salud a nivel mundial, donde en nuestro país, Ecuador, tras ubicarse en la zona ecuatorial, existe pocos estudios que comprueben que al estar en una zona de alta radiación solar influye o no en los valores de la vitamina D, ya que únicamente se comprobó la deficiencia de la vitamina D en enfermedades como la Esclerosis múltiple, con una prevalencia del 42 %.Objetivo: describir el rol de la vitamina D en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.Metodología: es una revisión bibliográfica de tipo narrativa. Se recopilo la información por medio de base de datos como: Pubmed y Scopus. Límite de tiempo 5 años, idioma inglésResultados: La suplementación de vitamina D en los pacientes diabéticos, contribuye a disminuir la resistencia a la insulina y durante los análisis de los controles glicémicos, se observó una disminución de la glucosa como también de la hemoglobina glicosilada.Conclusiones: La vitamina D tiene cierta aceptación como un tratamiento en si para la diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Introduction: one of the most common pathologies is the genital herpes that affects worldwide and every year increases more, it is part of the sexually transmitted diseases, it is important to recognize the clinical manifestations that suffer patients to achieve a prompt diagnosis, since there are people who are asymptomatic, but the most common manifestations are the vesicles and the pruritus in the genital areas. Objective: to explain the clinical characteristics of genital herpes in adults Methods: the literature review was carried out by means of a virtual search of the databases found such as PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect, where articles published from 2017 to 2021 were found. Results: among the most recurrent results we find manifestations such as myalgia, erythema, pruritus, adenopathies, genital, inguinal and buttocks vesicles, followed by fever, dysuria, urinary retention, nausea and neck stiffness. Conclusions: it is concluded that there are different types of clinical manifestations and not all people will be the same; however, vesicles and pruritus in the genital areas are clinical characteristics that will be found in all cases.
Introduction: Lesions of odontogenic origin such as cysts with benign characteristics but which; however, they can cause great destruction and facial deformities. The "Cysts" become a type of benign affectation, which form either lumps or a pathological cavity with liquid or semi-liquid content and is covered by epithelium on the inside and by connective tissue on the outside. Objective: Describe the characteristics and how dental cysts manifest. Methods: a bibliographic review was carried out, through an electronic search in the main databases (PubMed, Taylor & Francis, Scopus and ScienceDirect). Articles published between 2016 and 2022 were included. Results: the characteristics of cysts were identified, such as their manifestation, their characteristics, types, etc., so it was found that common cysts such as ondontogenic and dentigerous. Conclusions: it is concluded that there are different characteristics of dental cysts depending on their manifestations, clinic, radiography, etc.
It is currently known that cancer is a prothrombotic state, in which certain coagulation factors are altered, and due to this presence of malignancy, pro-coagulation factors are secreted that contribute to a state of hypercoagulability, which triggers rapid metastasis. In addition, an increased excretion of thrombin is also evidenced, favoring clot formation. We present the clinical case of a 65-year-old man with multiple pathologies without adequate control, who presented with a neurological condition manifested by left facial paralysis, deviation of the labial commissure to the left, in addition to presenting horizontal nystagmus and gait disorders. Physical examination revealed a bluish coloration at the level of the fingers of the right lower extremity, with suspicion of vasculitis in the first instance. After several studies, a diagnosis of prostate cancer was made, bilateral orchiectomy was performed and the patient was sent for oncological pharmacological treatment. Due to his other pathologies, he is treated with antihypertensive drugs, oral antidiabetic and oral anticoagulation.
Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is a group of progressive diseases affecting the lower respiratory tract of unknown origin, characterized by diffuse alveolitis and disorders in the alveolar structures. We present a case of a 52-year-old male patient with a history of pulmonary nodule with suspected tuberculosis and a positive PCR test, who came to the clinic for a 15-day evolution, which is characterized by high termination and general malaise. Physical examination revealed dyspneic facies with semi fowler attitude and preserved psychomotor activity as well as the presence of dry oral mucosa, the other parameters were within normal. After several studies, a diagnosis of COVID-19 viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome was made, given the severity of the patient, he was transferred to the ICU and treatment was started with oxygen therapy by mask with reservoir for SAT > 90 %, ringer’s lactate 1000 cubic centimeters + 2 grams of vitamin C + 5 cubic centimeters of B complex (40 milliliters per hour) and antibiotic therapy with Piperacillin Tazobactam 4,5 grams in slow dilution over 3 hours every 6 hours.
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