We found that multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) can be opened longitudinally by intercalation of lithium and ammonia followed by exfoliation. Intercalation of open-ended tubes and exfoliation with acid treatment and abrupt heating provided the best results. The resulting material consists of: (i) multilayered flat graphitic structures (nanoribbons), (ii) partially open MWNTs, and (iii) graphene flakes. We called the completely unwrapped nanotubes ex-MWNTs, and their large number of edge atoms makes them attractive for many applications.

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A series of Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2 -W materials with variation in W composition was prepared using an innocuous and easy sol-gel method, under both acid and basic pH conditions. The morphology and composition of W in the materials were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively, Density of basic and acid sites by CO 2 and NH 3 temperature programmed desorption (TPD) technique, and physicochemical properties by N 2 physisorption studies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The catalytic properties of Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2 -W were examined for the conversion of glucose to produce 5hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and the best yield of 5-HMFobtained with the catalyst of 5 w% W load. This high yield level was achieved when the catalyst with 2.35 acid-basic sites molar ratio was probed.

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